{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117086887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2009.5193104","title":"A computer-aided diagnosis system for whole body bone scan using single photon emission computed tomography","display_name":"A computer-aided diagnosis system for whole body bone scan using single photon emission computed tomography","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117086887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2009.5193104","mag":"2117086887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isbi.2009.5193104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2009.5193104","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100894034","display_name":"Sheng-Fang Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189772984","display_name":"Tzu Chi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ss1bw11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sheng-Fang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan","Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033205409","display_name":"Hao-Yu Chaoa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189772984","display_name":"Tzu Chi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ss1bw11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122745","display_name":"Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/037r57b62","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122745"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao-Yu Chaoa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TW","Department of Nuclear Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TW","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122745"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024432285","display_name":"Cheng-Chin Hsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189772984","display_name":"Tzu Chi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ss1bw11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Chin Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan","Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009960257","display_name":"Shan-Fong Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189772984","display_name":"Tzu Chi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ss1bw11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan-Fong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan","Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109214760","display_name":"Pan\u2010Fu Kao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104362","display_name":"Chung Shan Medical University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01abtsn51","country_code":"TW","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104362"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan-Fu Kao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan","Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100894034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2152231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":null,"first_page":"542","last_page":"545"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-photon-emission-computed-tomography","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","score":0.7228730916976929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6778717041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cad","display_name":"CAD","score":0.6685866117477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.6266499757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeleton","display_name":"Skeleton (computer programming)","score":0.6138511300086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.613448441028595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5527641773223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.5487233400344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emission-computed-tomography","display_name":"Emission computed tomography","score":0.5474082827568054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5328313112258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-skeleton","display_name":"Human skeleton","score":0.4642520546913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography","display_name":"Computed tomography","score":0.4560551345348358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4175732135772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36181584000587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-emission-tomography","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","score":0.3249998092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","score":0.32242828607559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.31821590662002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1911849081516266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.10933282971382141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09168797731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.09060272574424744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780441642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849737","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.7228730916976929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6778717041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194789388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17855283","display_name":"CAD","level":2,"score":0.6685866117477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.6266499757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18969341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1169129","display_name":"Skeleton (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6138511300086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.613448441028595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5527641773223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.5487233400344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778064278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5372630","display_name":"Emission computed tomography","level":3,"score":0.5474082827568054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5328313112258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777846634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9621","display_name":"Human skeleton","level":2,"score":0.4642520546913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.4560551345348358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4175732135772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36181584000587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775842073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208376","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","level":2,"score":0.3249998092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.32242828607559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.31821590662002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1911849081516266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.10933282971382141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09168797731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.09060272574424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isbi.2009.5193104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2009.5193104","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147723833","https://openalex.org/W1837808689","https://openalex.org/W2080854228","https://openalex.org/W2101076925","https://openalex.org/W2105597589","https://openalex.org/W2155203841","https://openalex.org/W3023411394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953562271","https://openalex.org/W1979723775","https://openalex.org/W2126881935","https://openalex.org/W4312993112","https://openalex.org/W3209135759","https://openalex.org/W2784535632","https://openalex.org/W2347221702","https://openalex.org/W2523395320","https://openalex.org/W41889997","https://openalex.org/W2348425426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tc-99m":[0],"MDP":[1],"whole":[2],"body":[3],"bone":[4,53,85,134],"scan":[5],"using":[6,37],"single":[7],"photon":[8],"emission":[9],"computed":[10],"tomography":[11],"(SPECT)":[12],"is":[13,28,46],"an":[14],"important":[15],"and":[16,64,119],"general":[17],"method":[18,63],"to":[19,32,48,68,123,128],"investigate":[20],"the":[21,70,101,105,113,130],"spreading":[22],"of":[23,52,72,116,133],"malignant":[24],"tumors.":[25],"However,":[26],"it":[27],"time-consuming":[29],"for":[30],"doctors":[31],"perform":[33],"three-dimensional":[34],"(3D)":[35],"assessment":[36],"SPECT":[38],"images.":[39],"Therefore,":[40],"a":[41,60,65,80],"computer-aided":[42],"diagnosis":[43],"(CAD)":[44],"system":[45],"required":[47],"identify":[49,129],"suspicious":[50],"locations":[51,132],"abnormalities.":[54,74],"In":[55,75],"this":[56,76,96],"study,":[57],"we":[58,78,98],"developed":[59],"3D-based":[61],"segmentation":[62],"quantitative":[66],"scheme":[67,110],"detect":[69],"findings":[71],"possible":[73],"method,":[77],"designed":[79],"new":[81],"data":[82],"structure":[83,115],"called":[84],"graph":[86],"that":[87],"characterizes":[88],"scanned":[89],"images":[90],"as":[91],"graph,":[92,97],"where":[93],"by":[94],"tracking":[95],"can":[99,120],"extract":[100],"morphological":[102],"features":[103],"from":[104],"entire":[106],"skeleton.":[107],"The":[108],"proposed":[109],"automatically":[111],"extracts":[112],"skeletal":[114],"human":[117],"spine,":[118],"be":[121],"adopted":[122],"assist":[124],"nuclear":[125],"medicine":[126],"physicians":[127],"potential":[131],"lesions.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}