{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2339798822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isba.2016.7477246","title":"Human face identification via comparative soft biometrics","display_name":"Human face identification via comparative soft biometrics","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2339798822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isba.2016.7477246","mag":"2339798822"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isba.2016.7477246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isba.2016.7477246","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Identity, Security and Behavior Analysis (ISBA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080148172","display_name":"Nawaf Yousef Almudhahka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-571X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nawaf Almudhahka","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014438135","display_name":"Mark Nixon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9174-5934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Nixon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067505586","display_name":"Jonathon Hare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2921-4283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathon Hare","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93585459,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.9285109043121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7456934452056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.7186792492866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6373222470283508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.47795677185058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4599671959877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.43902474641799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.436175674200058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.43204301595687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3486466705799103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10438215732574463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.9285109043121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7456934452056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.7186792492866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6373222470283508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.47795677185058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4599671959877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43902474641799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.436175674200058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.43204301595687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3486466705799103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10438215732574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isba.2016.7477246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isba.2016.7477246","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Identity, Security and Behavior Analysis (ISBA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:388765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W211426887","https://openalex.org/W1797462219","https://openalex.org/W1965814436","https://openalex.org/W1966572524","https://openalex.org/W1984285570","https://openalex.org/W1999320613","https://openalex.org/W1999969014","https://openalex.org/W2000477968","https://openalex.org/W2004126537","https://openalex.org/W2020355391","https://openalex.org/W2061683433","https://openalex.org/W2079349076","https://openalex.org/W2086959376","https://openalex.org/W2107969104","https://openalex.org/W2126475620","https://openalex.org/W2128169645","https://openalex.org/W2237515533","https://openalex.org/W2280678101","https://openalex.org/W2536626143","https://openalex.org/W3097096317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W4318823662","https://openalex.org/W2886410948","https://openalex.org/W2025875869","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soft":[0],"biometrics":[1,63,87],"enable":[2],"the":[3,35,45,71,77,83,93,98,109,118],"identification":[4,127],"of":[5,34,47,60,79,100,111],"subjects":[6],"based":[7,116],"on":[8,50,92,117],"semantic":[9],"descriptions":[10],"collected":[11],"from":[12],"eye-witnesses":[13],"allowing":[14],"people":[15],"to":[16],"search":[17],"in":[18,29],"surveillance":[19],"databases.":[20],"Although":[21],"research":[22],"has":[23],"recently":[24],"shown":[25],"an":[26],"increased":[27],"interest":[28],"soft":[30,62,86],"biometrics,":[31],"not":[32,43],"much":[33],"work":[36],"have":[37],"used":[38],"crowdsourcing,":[39],"and":[40,64,88,107],"it":[41],"did":[42],"investigate":[44],"impact":[46,91,99],"feature":[48,101],"selection":[49,102],"identification.":[51,94],"In":[52],"this":[53],"paper,":[54],"we":[55,75,96],"introduce":[56],"a":[57,67,124],"new":[58],"set":[59],"facial":[61,85],"labels":[65],"with":[66,103],"novel":[68],"description":[69],"for":[70,81],"eyebrow":[72],"region.":[73],"Also,":[74],"examine":[76],"use":[78],"crowdsourcing":[80],"labelling":[82],"comparative":[84],"assess":[89],"its":[90],"Moreover,":[95],"explore":[97],"our":[104],"biometric":[105,120],"measures":[106],"evaluate":[108],"effect":[110],"label":[112],"scale":[113],"compression.":[114],"Experiments":[115],"Southampton":[119],"tunnel":[121],"database":[122],"demonstrate":[123],"100%":[125],"rank-1":[126],"rate":[128],"using":[129],"20":[130],"features":[131],"only.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}