{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2945865527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2019.8720561","title":"Do Solar Proton Events Reduce the Number of Faults in Supercomputers?: A Comparative Analysis of Faults During and without Solar Proton Events","display_name":"Do Solar Proton Events Reduce the Number of Faults in Supercomputers?: A Comparative Analysis of Faults During and without Solar Proton Events","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2945865527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2019.8720561","mag":"2945865527"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/irps.2019.8720561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2019.8720561","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052484574","display_name":"Claire McKay Bowen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1020-3181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Claire McKay Bowen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056569157","display_name":"Nathan DeBardeleben","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5593-9205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan DeBardeleben","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ultrascale Systems Research Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ultrascale Systems Research Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036921385","display_name":"Sean Blanchard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-7828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Blanchard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ultrascale Systems Research Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ultrascale Systems Research Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035506669","display_name":"Christine M. Anderson\u2010Cook","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0165-5565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Anderson-Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052484574"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03511818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-ray","display_name":"Cosmic ray","score":0.6923842430114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton","display_name":"Proton","score":0.664584755897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.584443986415863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.566903829574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-cancer-database","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","score":0.48484671115875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flux","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","score":0.4633261561393738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.414883553981781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35401707887649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.33648520708084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.32709479331970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.28493475914001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.24786916375160217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.22085455060005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-physics","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.1703668236732483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.09823337197303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.09509062767028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111309251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11547","display_name":"Cosmic ray","level":2,"score":0.6923842430114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54516573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294","display_name":"Proton","level":2,"score":0.664584755897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.584443986415863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.566903829574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.48484671115875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.4633261561393738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.414883553981781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35401707887649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33648520708084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32709479331970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.28493475914001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24786916375160217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.22085455060005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.1703668236732483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.09823337197303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.09509062767028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/irps.2019.8720561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2019.8720561","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094127360","https://openalex.org/W2118582701","https://openalex.org/W4239647445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384867379","https://openalex.org/W4400094300","https://openalex.org/W2329539859","https://openalex.org/W2227905990","https://openalex.org/W2765823764","https://openalex.org/W3214280620","https://openalex.org/W3191490922","https://openalex.org/W2794038527","https://openalex.org/W2327638088","https://openalex.org/W2125563484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cosmic":[0],"rays":[1],"causing":[2],"faults":[3,59,91,116],"on":[4,61,92],"computers":[5],"is":[6,83],"well-established":[7],"within":[8],"the":[9,18,26,29,56,88,103],"reliability":[10,107],"community.":[11],"However,":[12],"during":[13,80],"Solar":[14],"Proton":[15],"Events":[16],"(SPEs),":[17],"Earth's":[19],"magnetic":[20],"field":[21],"compresses,":[22],"which":[23],"can":[24],"shield":[25],"Earth":[27],"from":[28,49,117],"effects":[30],"of":[31,58,90],"cosmic":[32,113],"rays.":[33],"In":[34],"our":[35,71],"paper,":[36],"we":[37,73],"use":[38],"a":[39,63],"statistical":[40],"analysis":[41],"to":[42,52,109],"quantitatively":[43],"assess":[44],"if":[45],"differing":[46],"flux":[47,77],"levels":[48,78],"SPEs":[50,98],"lead":[51],"significant":[53],"changes":[54],"in":[55,87],"number":[57,89],"observed":[60],"Cielo,":[62],"supercomputer":[64],"at":[65],"Los":[66],"Alamos":[67],"National":[68],"Laboratory.":[69],"From":[70],"analysis,":[72],"found":[74],"that":[75],"as":[76],"increase":[79],"SPEs,":[81],"there":[82],"an":[84],"overall":[85],"decrease":[86],"Cielo.":[93],"Better":[94],"understanding":[95],"about":[96],"how":[97],"affect":[99],"fault":[100],"rates":[101],"allows":[102],"high":[104],"performance":[105],"computing":[106],"community":[108],"more":[110],"accurately":[111],"compare":[112],"ray":[114],"induced":[115],"different":[118],"time":[119],"periods.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
