{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405784967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros58592.2024.10801887","title":"Applying Neural Monte Carlo Tree Search to Unsignalized Multi-intersection Scheduling for Autonomous Vehicles","display_name":"Applying Neural Monte Carlo Tree Search to Unsignalized Multi-intersection Scheduling for Autonomous Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405784967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros58592.2024.10801887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros58592.2024.10801887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros58592.2024.10801887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016550690","display_name":"Yucheng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8070-5363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yucheng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100344694","display_name":"Wenlong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-6147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenlong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083284304","display_name":"Tao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-7785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowen Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059738292","display_name":"Ivana Duspari\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-5400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivana Dusparic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046960870","display_name":"Vinny Cahill","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinny Cahill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"935","last_page":"942"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12782","display_name":"Assembly Line Balancing Optimization","score":0.9424999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10551","display_name":"Scheduling and Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9067999720573425,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-tree-search","display_name":"Monte Carlo tree search","score":0.7272531986236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6884142160415649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6603832840919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.6166475415229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5629680752754211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.41964077949523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3328273594379425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.25688719749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.216697096824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15475520491600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12680110335350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09591156244277954}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46149586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11785332","display_name":"Monte Carlo tree search","level":3,"score":0.7272531986236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6884142160415649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6603832840919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.6166475415229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5629680752754211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.41964077949523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3328273594379425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.25688719749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.216697096824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15475520491600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12680110335350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09591156244277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros58592.2024.10801887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros58592.2024.10801887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2157846217","https://openalex.org/W2613420336","https://openalex.org/W2793262237","https://openalex.org/W2897752552","https://openalex.org/W2902907165","https://openalex.org/W2903709398","https://openalex.org/W2964749398","https://openalex.org/W2989847975","https://openalex.org/W3021726999","https://openalex.org/W3170112077","https://openalex.org/W4321483908","https://openalex.org/W4391237368","https://openalex.org/W6674980194","https://openalex.org/W6683204974","https://openalex.org/W6762408531","https://openalex.org/W6775683342","https://openalex.org/W6783940979"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2571592646","https://openalex.org/W4247855592","https://openalex.org/W2740304877","https://openalex.org/W2978000411","https://openalex.org/W4226164546","https://openalex.org/W2766259847","https://openalex.org/W2112583639","https://openalex.org/W2567165815","https://openalex.org/W346633817","https://openalex.org/W2563266764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dynamic":[0],"scheduling":[1,86],"of":[2,20,28,50,85,88,103,111,116,134,154,195,233],"access":[3,61],"to":[4,24,42,62,81,122,150,166,170],"shared":[5],"resources":[6],"by":[7,201,245,250],"autonomous":[8],"systems":[9,33],"is":[10,54,164],"a":[11,25,52,96,114,142,160,185,215],"challenging":[12,83],"problem,":[13],"characterized":[14],"as":[15],"being":[16],"NP-hard.":[17],"The":[18],"complexity":[19],"this":[21,71],"task":[22,84],"leads":[23],"combinatorial":[26],"explosion":[27],"possibilities":[29],"in":[30,131,177,203,207,224,241,252],"highly":[31],"dynamic":[32],"where":[34,58],"arriving":[35],"requests":[36,108],"must":[37,66],"be":[38,67],"continuously":[39],"scheduled":[40],"subject":[41],"strong":[43],"safety":[44],"and":[45,119,205,235,247],"time":[46,200,244],"constraints.":[47],"An":[48],"example":[49],"such":[51],"system":[53],"an":[55],"unsignalized":[56,91,189],"intersection,":[57],"automated":[59],"vehicles\u2019":[60],"potential":[63],"conflict":[64],"zones":[65],"dynamically":[68],"scheduled.":[69],"In":[70,184,214],"paper,":[72],"we":[73,94,140],"apply":[74],"Neural":[75],"Monte":[76],"Carlo":[77],"Tree":[78],"Search":[79],"(NMCTS)":[80],"the":[82,132,152,168,219],"platoons":[87,110],"vehicles":[89,112],"crossing":[90,199],"intersections.":[92,183],"Crucially,":[93],"introduce":[95],"transformation":[97],"model":[98],"that":[99,180],"maps":[100],"successive":[101],"sequences":[102],"potentially":[104],"conflicting":[105],"road-space":[106,128],"reservation":[107],"from":[109],"into":[113],"series":[115],"board-game-like":[117],"problems":[118],"use":[120],"NMCTS":[121,148],"search":[123],"for":[124],"solutions":[125],"representing":[126],"optimal":[127],"allocation":[129],"schedules":[130],"context":[133],"past":[135],"allocations.":[136],"To":[137,157],"optimize":[138,158],"search,":[139],"incorporate":[141],"prioritized":[143],"re-sampling":[144],"method":[145,221],"with":[146],"parallel":[147],"(PNMCTS)":[149],"improve":[151],"quality":[153],"training":[155],"data.":[156],"training,":[159],"curriculum":[161],"learning":[162],"strategy":[163],"used":[165],"train":[167],"agent":[169],"schedule":[171],"progressively":[172],"more":[173],"complex":[174],"boards":[175,179],"culminating":[176],"overlapping":[178],"represent":[181],"busy":[182,186],"single":[187],"four-way":[188],"intersection":[190],"simulation,":[191],"PNMCTS":[192,234],"solved":[193],"95%":[194],"unseen":[196],"scenarios,":[197],"reducing":[198],"43%":[202],"light":[204,225],"52%":[206],"heavy":[208,253],"traffic":[209,226],"versus":[210],"first-in,":[211],"first-out":[212],"control.":[213],"3x3":[216],"multi-intersection":[217],"network,":[218],"proposed":[220],"maintained":[222],"free-flow":[223],"when":[227],"all":[228],"intersections":[229],"are":[230],"under":[231],"control":[232],"outperformed":[236],"state-of-the-art":[237],"RL-based":[238],"traffic-light":[239],"controllers":[240],"average":[242],"travel":[243],"74.5%":[246],"total":[248],"throughput":[249],"16%":[251],"traffic.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}