{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2772953505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2017.8206625","title":"The HERA approach to morally competent robots","display_name":"The HERA approach to morally competent robots","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2772953505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2017.8206625","mag":"2772953505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2017.8206625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2017.8206625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058512580","display_name":"Felix Lindner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-8930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Felix Lindner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038248501","display_name":"Martin Mose Bentzen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-7412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Mose Bentzen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Management Engineering, Danish Technical University, Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management Engineering, Danish Technical University, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002446890","display_name":"Bernhard Nebel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6833-6323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Nebel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058512580"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4137,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96447289,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"6991","last_page":"6997"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12520","display_name":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hera","display_name":"HERA","score":0.807561457157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.6544404625892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6477455496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"Novelty","score":0.6405754685401917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-agency","display_name":"Moral agency","score":0.6276280879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6210535168647766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utilitarianism","display_name":"Utilitarianism","score":0.5775509476661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.5698720216751099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4259456694126129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3631231486797333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.32190388441085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.2779684364795685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.15551671385765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1300172209739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.12117540836334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.08792415261268616}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779762263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054761","display_name":"HERA","level":3,"score":0.807561457157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.6544404625892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6477455496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16546687","display_name":"Novelty","level":2,"score":0.6405754685401917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781439373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11883221","display_name":"Moral agency","level":2,"score":0.6276280879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6210535168647766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C525925914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160590","display_name":"Utilitarianism","level":2,"score":0.5775509476661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5698720216751099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4259456694126129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3631231486797333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.32190388441085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2779684364795685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15551671385765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1300172209739685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.12117540836334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.08792415261268616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117137515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238170","display_name":"Quantum chromodynamics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2017.8206625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2017.8206625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/042cc993-0634-4c73-ab32-78fb9ee0e46a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/042cc993-0634-4c73-ab32-78fb9ee0e46a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lindner , F , Bentzen , M M &amp; Nebel , B 2017 , The HERA Approach To Morally Competent Robots . in Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2017) . IEEE , pp. 6991-6997 , 2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , 24/08/2017 . https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2017.8206625","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"},{"id":"mag:3174567434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201802219709630073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512817","display_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593687854","https://openalex.org/W1979295420","https://openalex.org/W2125906904","https://openalex.org/W2135226325","https://openalex.org/W2165859498","https://openalex.org/W2220500481","https://openalex.org/W2397620785","https://openalex.org/W2466381818","https://openalex.org/W2566902129","https://openalex.org/W2594443819","https://openalex.org/W2594925163","https://openalex.org/W2612779492","https://openalex.org/W2736382788","https://openalex.org/W2794632992","https://openalex.org/W3212685641","https://openalex.org/W4246671941","https://openalex.org/W6635771294","https://openalex.org/W6712329919","https://openalex.org/W6731420251","https://openalex.org/W6734323058","https://openalex.org/W6738054226"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W131942052","https://openalex.org/W2950393077","https://openalex.org/W2022523733","https://openalex.org/W3122911391","https://openalex.org/W4302293368","https://openalex.org/W2795108369","https://openalex.org/W4256139993","https://openalex.org/W2381242807","https://openalex.org/W2393618653","https://openalex.org/W1646778744"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"address":[1],"the":[2,25,55,107],"requirement":[3],"for":[4,14,40],"autonomous":[5],"moral":[6,72,88,101],"decision":[7],"making,":[8],"we":[9,78,104],"introduce":[10],"a":[11,61,76],"software":[12],"library":[13],"modeling":[15],"hybrid":[16],"ethical":[17,51,121],"reasoning":[18],"agents":[19],"(short:":[20],"HERA).":[21],"The":[22,44],"goal":[23],"of":[24,57,109],"HERA":[26,48,115],"project":[27],"is":[28,46,117],"to":[29,69,86,119,123],"provide":[30],"theoretically":[31],"well-founded":[32],"and":[33,60,93,116],"practically":[34],"usable":[35],"logic-based":[36],"machine":[37],"ethics":[38],"tools":[39],"implementation":[41],"in":[42,75],"robots.":[43],"novelty":[45],"that":[47],"implements":[49,114],"multiple":[50],"principles":[52,65],"like":[53],"utilitarianism,":[54],"principle":[56],"double":[58],"effect,":[59],"Pareto-inspired":[62],"principle.":[63],"These":[64],"can":[66,96],"be":[67],"used":[68],"automatically":[70],"assess":[71],"situations":[73,89],"represented":[74],"format":[77],"call":[79],"causal":[80],"agency":[81],"models.":[82],"We":[83],"discuss":[84],"how":[85,94],"model":[87],"using":[90],"our":[91,110],"approach,":[92],"it":[95],"cope":[97],"with":[98],"uncertainty":[99],"about":[100],"values.":[102],"Finally,":[103],"briefly":[105],"outline":[106],"architecture":[108],"robot":[111],"IMMANUEL,":[112],"which":[113],"able":[118],"explain":[120],"decisions":[122],"humans.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
