{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2221907518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2015.7354021","title":"Robot Web Tools: Efficient messaging for cloud robotics","display_name":"Robot Web Tools: Efficient messaging for cloud robotics","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2221907518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2015.7354021","mag":"2221907518"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2015.7354021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2015.7354021","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045876171","display_name":"Russell Toris","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Russell Toris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science at Worcester Polytechnic Institute"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science at Worcester Polytechnic Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087159428","display_name":"Julius Kammerl","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julius Kammerl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Formerly a research scientist, Willow Garage"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Formerly a research scientist, Willow Garage","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046295092","display_name":"David V. Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David V. Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Washington University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Washington University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416272","display_name":"Jihoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5327-824X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Engineer, Yujin Robot Co, Ltd"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Engineer, Yujin Robot Co, Ltd","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071106238","display_name":"Odest Chadwicke Jenkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-7334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175594653","display_name":"John Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ct41q97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175594653"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Odest Chadwicke Jenkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Brown University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Brown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175594653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040876693","display_name":"Sarah Osentoski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156055","display_name":"Robert Bosch (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/057aydj06","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156055","https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Osentoski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robert Bosch LLC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert Bosch LLC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156055"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060103245","display_name":"Mitchell Wills","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitchell Wills","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science at Worcester Polytechnic Institute"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science at Worcester Polytechnic Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033265891","display_name":"Sonia Chernova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-0825"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonia Chernova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science at Worcester Polytechnic Institute"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science at Worcester Polytechnic Institute","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045876171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7417,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9746514,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4530","last_page":"4537"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13062","display_name":"Cognitive Computing and Networks","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6875144243240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6133878231048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.5898284912109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-portability","display_name":"Software portability","score":0.5612634420394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4746466279029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.45928099751472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34688887000083923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1036841869354248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6875144243240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6133878231048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.5898284912109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63000827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3080428","display_name":"Software portability","level":2,"score":0.5612634420394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4746466279029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.45928099751472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34688887000083923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1036841869354248}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2015.7354021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2015.7354021","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559241410","https://openalex.org/W1590767644","https://openalex.org/W1990687916","https://openalex.org/W2006905283","https://openalex.org/W2007770355","https://openalex.org/W2007778212","https://openalex.org/W2009504203","https://openalex.org/W2032740574","https://openalex.org/W2053940671","https://openalex.org/W2068118902","https://openalex.org/W2085302753","https://openalex.org/W2093848418","https://openalex.org/W2105774558","https://openalex.org/W2110178871","https://openalex.org/W2119242513","https://openalex.org/W2127130012","https://openalex.org/W2134939300","https://openalex.org/W2156324385","https://openalex.org/W2258766639","https://openalex.org/W2268198829","https://openalex.org/W2518317427","https://openalex.org/W2901136733","https://openalex.org/W4235002031","https://openalex.org/W4235773083","https://openalex.org/W6635366127","https://openalex.org/W6677803458","https://openalex.org/W6693613210","https://openalex.org/W6726461357","https://openalex.org/W6756486208"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1584537303","https://openalex.org/W2750549761","https://openalex.org/W28826848","https://openalex.org/W2122272819","https://openalex.org/W4367156293","https://openalex.org/W1872724644","https://openalex.org/W2130894091","https://openalex.org/W4386889851","https://openalex.org/W2133678176"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"its":[1],"official":[2],"introduction":[3],"in":[4,53],"2012,":[5],"the":[6,35,42,127,143],"Robot":[7,38,82,131],"Web":[8,39,83,132],"Tools":[9,40,84,133],"project":[10],"has":[11],"grown":[12],"tremendously":[13],"as":[14,45],"an":[15],"open-source":[16],"community,":[17],"enabling":[18],"new":[19],"levels":[20],"of":[21,37,100,112,130,138,145],"interoperability":[22],"and":[23,30,62,93,104,121,150],"portability":[24],"across":[25],"heterogeneous":[26],"robot":[27],"systems,":[28],"devices,":[29],"front-end":[31,101,151],"user":[32],"interfaces.":[33],"At":[34],"heart":[36],"is":[41],"rosbridge":[43],"protocol":[44,149],"a":[46,54,66,135,146],"general":[47],"means":[48],"for":[49,58,96,154],"messaging":[50,148],"ROS":[51],"topics":[52,115],"client-server":[55],"paradigm":[56],"suitable":[57],"wide":[59],"area":[60],"networks,":[61],"human-robot":[63,88,102,155],"interaction":[64,89],"at":[65],"global":[67],"scale":[68],"through":[69,90,108,134],"modern":[70],"web":[71],"browsers.":[72],"Building":[73],"from":[74],"rosbridge,":[75],"this":[76],"paper":[77],"describes":[78],"our":[79],"efforts":[80],"with":[81],"to":[85],"advance:":[86],"1)":[87],"usable":[91],"client":[92],"visualization":[94],"libraries":[95],"more":[97,109],"efficient":[98,110],"development":[99,152],"interfaces,":[103],"2)":[105],"cloud":[106],"robotics":[107],"methods":[111],"transporting":[113],"high-bandwidth":[114],"(e.g.,":[116],"kinematic":[117],"transforms,":[118],"image":[119],"streams,":[120],"point":[122],"clouds).":[123],"We":[124],"further":[125],"discuss":[126],"significant":[128],"impact":[129],"diverse":[136],"set":[137],"use":[139],"cases":[140],"that":[141],"showcase":[142],"importance":[144],"generic":[147],"systems":[153],"interaction.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}