{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051291836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2014.6943142","title":"Confidence-based pedestrian tracking in unstructured environments using 3D laser distance measurements","display_name":"Confidence-based pedestrian tracking in unstructured environments using 3D laser distance measurements","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051291836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2014.6943142","mag":"2051291836"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2014.6943142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2014.6943142","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033423535","display_name":"Marcel H\u00e4selich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153937","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Koblenz","ror":"https://ror.org/0433e6t24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcel Haselich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133","https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022841750","display_name":"Benedikt J\u00f6bgen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153937","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Koblenz","ror":"https://ror.org/0433e6t24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benedikt Jobgen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133","https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083165697","display_name":"Nicolai Wojke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153937","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Koblenz","ror":"https://ror.org/0433e6t24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolai Wojke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133","https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070794214","display_name":"Jens Hedrich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153937","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Koblenz","ror":"https://ror.org/0433e6t24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Hedrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133","https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008718172","display_name":"Dietrich Paulus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-5277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153937","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Koblenz","ror":"https://ror.org/0433e6t24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dietrich Paulus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Active Vision Group, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133","https://openalex.org/I4387153937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92793734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4118","last_page":"4123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7283661961555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6985505819320679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6884416341781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.6321322321891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traverse","display_name":"Traverse","score":0.6096698641777039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.609140932559967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6016920804977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.5815867185592651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.5716946721076965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4608764946460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.42942142486572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.23300209641456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.21831390261650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14007079601287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.10529312491416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.07283243536949158}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7283661961555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6985505819320679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6884416341781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.6321322321891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176809094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15401496","display_name":"Traverse","level":2,"score":0.6096698641777039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.609140932559967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6016920804977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.5815867185592651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.5716946721076965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4608764946460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.42942142486572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.23300209641456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.21831390261650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14007079601287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.10529312491416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.07283243536949158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2014.6943142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2014.6943142","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536864910","https://openalex.org/W1581274514","https://openalex.org/W1981621448","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2016936259","https://openalex.org/W2031454541","https://openalex.org/W2041858682","https://openalex.org/W2044164936","https://openalex.org/W2073459066","https://openalex.org/W2091334428","https://openalex.org/W2096166026","https://openalex.org/W2102691275","https://openalex.org/W2102792607","https://openalex.org/W2125114795","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2143385397","https://openalex.org/W2143776582","https://openalex.org/W2149020252","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2164694932","https://openalex.org/W2395369406","https://openalex.org/W2543696449","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4248437541","https://openalex.org/W6632131871","https://openalex.org/W6634629264","https://openalex.org/W6668990524","https://openalex.org/W6678914141","https://openalex.org/W6681031197","https://openalex.org/W6763868703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377402383","https://openalex.org/W2380835401","https://openalex.org/W2381912691","https://openalex.org/W2350381577","https://openalex.org/W2353618196","https://openalex.org/W2348074676","https://openalex.org/W2385033175","https://openalex.org/W4200195314","https://openalex.org/W4389574494","https://openalex.org/W2156329176"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detection":[0],"and":[1,21,60],"tracking":[2],"of":[3,26,38],"pedestrians":[4],"is":[5],"an":[6],"essential":[7],"task":[8],"for":[9],"autonomous":[10],"outdoor":[11],"robots.":[12],"Modern":[13],"3D":[14],"laser":[15],"range":[16],"finders":[17],"provide":[18],"a":[19,32,36,44],"rich":[20],"detailed":[22],"360":[23],"degree":[24],"picture":[25],"the":[27],"environment.":[28],"Unstructured":[29],"environments":[30],"pose":[31],"difficult":[33],"scenario":[34],"where":[35],"variety":[37],"objects":[39],"with":[40,55],"similar":[41],"shape":[42],"to":[43],"human":[45],"like":[46],"shrubs":[47],"or":[48],"small":[49],"trees":[50],"occur.":[51],"Especially":[52],"in":[53],"combination":[54],"partial":[56],"occlusions,":[57],"sensor":[58],"noise,":[59],"conclusions":[61],"from":[62],"traversing":[63],"rough":[64],"terrain.":[65]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}