{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171434603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094605","title":"Did you see it hesitate? - Empirically grounded design of hesitation trajectories for collaborative robots","display_name":"Did you see it hesitate? - Empirically grounded design of hesitation trajectories for collaborative robots","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171434603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094605","mag":"2171434603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2011.6094605","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608614","display_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081123654","display_name":"AJung Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-6284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113684819","display_name":"Chris A. C. Parker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1616-2886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. A. C. Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035882135","display_name":"Elizabeth A. Croft","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9639-5291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. A. Croft","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038741987","display_name":"H. F. Machiel Van der Loos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-980X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. F. M. Van der Loos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081123654"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1108,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97318008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1994","last_page":"1999"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7251532077789307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5984439849853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5810876488685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grounded-theory","display_name":"Grounded theory","score":0.4845508635044098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3504181206226349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25453269481658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.14768046140670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.12918522953987122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7251532077789307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5984439849853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5810876488685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.4845508635044098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3504181206226349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25453269481658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.14768046140670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12918522953987122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2011.6094605","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608614","display_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W653768715","https://openalex.org/W1481080315","https://openalex.org/W1578524534","https://openalex.org/W1589976428","https://openalex.org/W1989104906","https://openalex.org/W2011338640","https://openalex.org/W2016418141","https://openalex.org/W2016534122","https://openalex.org/W2024649868","https://openalex.org/W2038077444","https://openalex.org/W2069344097","https://openalex.org/W2109543807","https://openalex.org/W2129409588","https://openalex.org/W2131060534","https://openalex.org/W2147095743","https://openalex.org/W2157936707","https://openalex.org/W2171137737","https://openalex.org/W2172233963","https://openalex.org/W2254884504","https://openalex.org/W4254586384","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6621605113","https://openalex.org/W6635245936","https://openalex.org/W6682015823","https://openalex.org/W7005541065"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1546533203","https://openalex.org/W2054080977","https://openalex.org/W2015439768","https://openalex.org/W4361008414","https://openalex.org/W3040823075","https://openalex.org/W2092147963","https://openalex.org/W2620765995","https://openalex.org/W1535784397","https://openalex.org/W3140115162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unwanted":[0],"conflicts":[1],"are":[2],"inevitable":[3],"between":[4],"collaborating":[5],"agents":[6],"that":[7,100,134],"share":[8],"spaces":[9],"and":[10,45,58,72,91],"resources.":[11],"Motivated":[12],"by":[13,24,87,112],"the":[14,29,34,89,92,95],"use":[15],"of":[16,37,55,67,75,119,124],"nonverbal":[17],"communications":[18],"as":[19,85],"a":[20,53,61],"conflict":[21,139],"resolution":[22,140],"mechanism":[23],"humans,":[25],"this":[26],"study":[27],"investigates":[28],"communicative":[30,136],"capabilities":[31],"reflected":[32],"in":[33,104],"trajectory":[35,117,132],"characteristics":[36,118],"hesitation":[38,83,101,120],"gestures":[39,44,84],"during":[40,141],"human-robot":[41],"collaboration.":[42],"Hesitation":[43],"non-hesitation":[46],"human":[47,90,113],"arm":[48,108],"motions":[49,77],"were":[50],"recorded":[51],"from":[52],"series":[54],"reach-and-retract":[56],"tasks":[57],"embodied":[59,103],"on":[60],"6-DOF":[62],"robot":[63,107,131],"arm.":[64],"A":[65],"total":[66],"86":[68],"survey":[69],"respondents":[70],"watched":[71],"scored":[73],"recordings":[74],"these":[76],"according":[78],"to":[79],"whether":[80],"they":[81],"recognized":[82,111],"exhibited":[86],"both":[88],"robot.":[93],"Using":[94],"survey's":[96],"statistical":[97],"evidence":[98],"indicating":[99],"trajectories":[102],"an":[105,128],"articulated":[106],"can":[109],"be":[110],"observers,":[114],"we":[115],"identified":[116],"gestures.":[121],"The":[122],"contribution":[123],"our":[125],"work":[126],"is":[127],"empirically":[129],"grounded":[130],"specification":[133],"provides":[135],"cues":[137],"for":[138],"collaborative":[142],"reaching":[143],"scenarios.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}