{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142396775","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094590","title":"Compact design of a torque sensor using optical technique and its fabrication for wearable and quadruped robots","display_name":"Compact design of a torque sensor using optical technique and its fabrication for wearable and quadruped robots","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142396775","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094590","mag":"2142396775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2011.6094590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608614","display_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065744632","display_name":"Sarmad Shams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-1646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Shams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020354733","display_name":"Dongik Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-231X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongik Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080135133","display_name":"Jung\u2010Soo Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-4518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24214720","display_name":"Hansung University","ror":"https://ror.org/048m9x696","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24214720"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungsoo Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Hansung University, Seoul, South Korea","Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Hansung University, Seoul 136-792, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Hansung University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24214720"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Hansung University, Seoul 136-792, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24214720"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100672978","display_name":"Ji Yeong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4766-9491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Yeong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103276781","display_name":"Kyoosik Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3334-9340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyoosik Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110086203","display_name":"Chang-Soo Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Soo Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 425-791, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065744632"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.691,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72641084,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5127","last_page":"5132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.8463366627693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5881785154342651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/damping-torque","display_name":"Damping torque","score":0.4926953613758087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torsion-spring","display_name":"Torsion spring","score":0.46577781438827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42881423234939575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.42410823702812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4221768081188202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.3040729761123657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.2340604066848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20984533429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17804771661758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1041693389415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1007881760597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.08728542923927307}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.8463366627693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5881785154342651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40226289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5212950","display_name":"Damping torque","level":5,"score":0.4926953613758087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57614664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27037480","display_name":"Torsion spring","level":2,"score":0.46577781438827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42881423234939575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42410823702812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4221768081188202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.3040729761123657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2340604066848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20984533429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17804771661758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1041693389415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1007881760597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.08728542923927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2011.6094590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2011.6094590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608614","display_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198587296","https://openalex.org/W1966440358","https://openalex.org/W1986495428","https://openalex.org/W1986688948","https://openalex.org/W1994284977","https://openalex.org/W1996491871","https://openalex.org/W2084321111","https://openalex.org/W2101764299","https://openalex.org/W2105892049","https://openalex.org/W2117038705","https://openalex.org/W2118206642","https://openalex.org/W2123705507","https://openalex.org/W2138735009","https://openalex.org/W2156765112","https://openalex.org/W2159144495","https://openalex.org/W2169025000","https://openalex.org/W2252582137","https://openalex.org/W2279894671","https://openalex.org/W6608071586","https://openalex.org/W6684814571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373410575","https://openalex.org/W2107398868","https://openalex.org/W2328640053","https://openalex.org/W1567726301","https://openalex.org/W4321062773","https://openalex.org/W2158120472","https://openalex.org/W3014451371","https://openalex.org/W2616586521","https://openalex.org/W3114003892","https://openalex.org/W2801565158"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,65],"paper":[1,52],"describes":[2],"the":[3,37,62,86,114,127,164],"compact":[4,56],"design":[5,60,101],"of":[6,70,113,120],"a":[7,55,117],"torque":[8,22,30,63,69,89,95,115,128,139,150],"sensor":[9,31,66,140,151],"using":[10,94],"optical":[11,77,138,149],"technique":[12,78],"and":[13,18,40,57,96,108,132,154,166],"its":[14,161],"fabrication":[15],"for":[16,61,126],"wearable":[17,131,165],"quadruped":[19,133,167],"robots.":[20,168],"The":[21,76,88,99,136,148],"generated":[23,129],"can":[24,67,90],"only":[25],"be":[26,46,91],"measured":[27],"by":[28,48,73,93,104,143],"placing":[29],"on":[32],"each":[33],"joint,":[34],"which":[35,123],"makes":[36],"joint":[38],"bulky":[39],"heavy,":[41],"adding":[42],"extra":[43],"load":[44,118],"to":[45,81,159],"carried":[47],"robot.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51],"we":[53],"proposed":[54,100],"light":[58],"weight":[59],"sensor.":[64],"measure":[68],"robots":[71,134],"links":[72],"detecting":[74],"torsion.":[75],"is":[79,102,124,141],"used":[80],"detect":[82],"angular":[83],"displacement":[84],"in":[85,130],"joints.":[87,135],"calculated":[92],"twist-angle":[97],"relation.":[98],"simulated":[103],"FEM":[105],"software":[106],"(ANSYS)":[107],"it":[109],"shows":[110],"successful":[111],"measurements":[112],"with":[116,163],"capacity":[119],"50":[121],"Nm,":[122],"sufficient":[125],"designed":[137],"manufactured":[142],"EDM":[144],"(Electrical":[145],"Discharge":[146],"Machining).":[147],"was":[152],"calibrated":[153],"several":[155],"experiments":[156],"were":[157],"conducted":[158],"ratify":[160],"feasibility":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
