{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990549766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2010.5651812","title":"Automated safety inspection of grade crossings","display_name":"Automated safety inspection of grade crossings","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990549766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2010.5651812","mag":"1990549766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2010.5651812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2010.5651812","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024222105","display_name":"Prakash Ranganathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-660X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Ranganathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103139078","display_name":"Edwin Olson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E Olson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10493731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2149","last_page":"2154"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/level-crossing","display_name":"Level crossing","score":0.905805230140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.7739843130111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.6904633045196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.6116144061088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5887434482574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.4840035140514374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.48037204146385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.47544145584106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4023549556732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3554016351699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35521969199180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3343735933303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27975913882255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17063912749290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1437152624130249}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1975866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171448","display_name":"Level crossing","level":2,"score":0.905805230140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.7739843130111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.6904633045196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.6116144061088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5887434482574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4840035140514374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.48037204146385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47544145584106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4023549556732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3554016351699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35521969199180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3343735933303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27975913882255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17063912749290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1437152624130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2010.5651812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2010.5651812","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.385.8882","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.385.8882","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://april.eecs.umich.edu/pdfs/ranganathan2010.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1651266332","https://openalex.org/W2050661396","https://openalex.org/W2055207897","https://openalex.org/W2076723282","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2115519229","https://openalex.org/W2124651605","https://openalex.org/W2140200866","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2165949176","https://openalex.org/W2758107681","https://openalex.org/W4213262319","https://openalex.org/W4293682399","https://openalex.org/W6663103472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392812199","https://openalex.org/W4200176076","https://openalex.org/W598185802","https://openalex.org/W2355516524","https://openalex.org/W2361471170","https://openalex.org/W2118347688","https://openalex.org/W2374398405","https://openalex.org/W2360349537","https://openalex.org/W2371953206","https://openalex.org/W2352878362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"grade":[1,25,98,113,124],"crossing":[2,5,38,46,61,71,155],"is":[3,156],"a":[4,7,11,37,60,63,83],"of":[6,36,76,97,134],"railway":[8],"line":[9],"and":[10,21,42,94,129],"motor":[12],"road.":[13],"In":[14,103],"2009":[15],"alone":[16],"there":[17],"were":[18],"248":[19],"deaths":[20],"682":[22],"injuries":[23],"at":[24],"crossings":[26,99,125],"in":[27],"the":[28,33,40,45,70,74,81,101,132,145,154],"United":[29],"States.":[30],"Factors":[31],"like":[32],"elevation":[34,65],"profile":[35,133,147],"or":[39],"environment":[41],"foliage":[43,68],"around":[44,69],"can":[47,72,148],"render":[48],"it":[49],"unsafe.":[50,157],"Often,":[51],"vehicles":[52],"with":[53,62],"low":[54],"ground":[55],"clearance":[56],"bottom":[57],"out":[58],"on":[59,144],"humped":[64],"profile.":[66],"Excessive":[67],"obstruct":[73],"visibility":[75],"an":[77],"approaching":[78],"train,":[79],"reducing":[80],"time":[82],"driver":[84],"has":[85],"to":[86,122,151],"stop.":[87],"Hence":[88],"ensuring":[89],"safety":[90],"requires":[91],"regular":[92],"monitoring":[93],"timely":[95],"maintenance":[96],"across":[100],"country.":[102],"this":[104],"paper,":[105],"we":[106],"describe":[107],"our":[108],"method":[109],"for":[110],"automatically":[111],"inspecting":[112],"crossings.":[114],"Our":[115],"work":[116],"employs":[117],"principled":[118],"machine":[119],"learning":[120],"methods":[121],"detect":[123],"from":[126],"sensor":[127],"data":[128],"then":[130,139],"reconstructs":[131],"that":[135],"rail-road":[136],"intersection.":[137],"We":[138],"show":[140],"how":[141],"traffic":[142],"simulation":[143],"reconstructed":[146],"be":[149],"used":[150],"determine":[152],"whether":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}