{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2119287921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1249280","title":"Anisotropies of touch in haptic icon exploration","display_name":"Anisotropies of touch in haptic icon exploration","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2119287921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1249280","mag":"2119287921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2003.1249280","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1249280","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2003) (Cat. No.03CH37453)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015683682","display_name":"Gyeongeun Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G.S. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074967911","display_name":"Blake Hannaford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7370-4920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Hannaford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015683682"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8417,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71379971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"2713","last_page":"2717"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.8608331680297852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icon","display_name":"Icon","score":0.7484769225120544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.615869402885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.45475614070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.37198084592819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3261238634586334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30851060152053833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.8608331680297852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156474","display_name":"Icon","level":2,"score":0.7484769225120544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.615869402885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.45475614070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.37198084592819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3261238634586334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30851060152053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2003.1249280","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1249280","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2003) (Cat. No.03CH37453)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127641254","https://openalex.org/W1969299770","https://openalex.org/W1990819342","https://openalex.org/W2013014728","https://openalex.org/W2046225026","https://openalex.org/W2084824127","https://openalex.org/W2155305895","https://openalex.org/W2167458001","https://openalex.org/W4210723905","https://openalex.org/W4230105918","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605121644","https://openalex.org/W6807952212"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3175319091","https://openalex.org/W4360922125","https://openalex.org/W2056060060","https://openalex.org/W1504514227","https://openalex.org/W220677501","https://openalex.org/W2076882245","https://openalex.org/W2175435306","https://openalex.org/W2981902742","https://openalex.org/W4385473849","https://openalex.org/W4285173217"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Handheld":[0],"devices":[1,12],"are":[2,39],"enhancing":[3],"many":[4],"aspects":[5],"of":[6,31,34,40,46,53,73],"our":[7],"lives.":[8],"As":[9],"increasingly":[10],"complex":[11],"appear":[13],"with":[14,26],"decreasing":[15],"form":[16],"factors,":[17],"haptics":[18],"may":[19],"become":[20],"an":[21],"essential":[22],"tool":[23],"for":[24,50,59],"interacting":[25],"them.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"regime":[30],"operation,":[32],"issues":[33],"power,":[35],"weight":[36],"and":[37,63,78,81,86],"volume":[38],"significant":[41],"importance.":[42],"The":[43],"haptic":[44],"thresholds":[45,92],"the":[47],"index":[48],"finger":[49,65,75,79,103],"active":[51],"exploration":[52],"a":[54],"two":[55,60,64,74,82],"dimensional":[56],"virtual":[57],"environment":[58],"icon":[61,83,108],"alignments":[62],"motions":[66],"were":[67,88,100],"measured.":[68],"Using":[69],"all":[70],"possible":[71],"combinations":[72],"motions,":[76],"flexion/extension":[77],"abduction/adduction,":[80],"alignments,":[84],"vertical":[85],"horizontal,":[87],"measured":[89],"separately.":[90],"Haptic":[91],"ranged":[93],"from":[94],"15":[95],"to":[96],"24":[97],"milliNewtons.":[98],"Thresholds":[99],"affected":[101],"by":[102,107],"motion,":[104],"but":[105],"not":[106],"alignment.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}