{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160756249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1248929","title":"Toward finding an universal search algorithm for swarm robots","display_name":"Toward finding an universal search algorithm for swarm robots","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160756249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1248929","mag":"2160756249"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2003.1248929","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1248929","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2003) (Cat. No.03CH37453)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054566402","display_name":"Daniel J. Pack","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I430641","display_name":"United States Air Force Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/0055d0g64","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I430641"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.J. Pack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering United States Air Force Academy, USAF Academy, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering United States Air Force Academy, USAF Academy, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I430641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110224229","display_name":"Barry E. Mullins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I430641","display_name":"United States Air Force Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/0055d0g64","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I430641"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.E. Mullins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering United States Air Force Academy, USAF Academy, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering United States Air Force Academy, USAF Academy, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I430641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I430641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1945","last_page":"1950"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.8315975666046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.831575870513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-robotics","display_name":"Swarm robotics","score":0.698030412197113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-robotics","display_name":"Ant robotics","score":0.6814842224121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6136409044265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5734843015670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.56539386510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.5211144089698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","score":0.47118285298347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4517034590244293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4311460554599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40688085556030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.3566875457763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.21965089440345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-control","display_name":"Robot control","score":0.1807306706905365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.15661704540252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13811597228050232}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.8315975666046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.831575870513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169337768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2446723","display_name":"Swarm robotics","level":3,"score":0.698030412197113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44832474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4770870","display_name":"Ant robotics","level":5,"score":0.6814842224121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6136409044265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5734843015670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.56539386510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5211144089698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.47118285298347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4517034590244293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4311460554599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40688085556030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.3566875457763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.21965089440345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65401140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385","display_name":"Robot control","level":4,"score":0.1807306706905365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.15661704540252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13811597228050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iros.2003.1248929","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2003.1248929","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2003) (Cat. No.03CH37453)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113739894","https://openalex.org/W2126554879","https://openalex.org/W2162612223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3094438089","https://openalex.org/W4386001959","https://openalex.org/W1713666988","https://openalex.org/W2048054807","https://openalex.org/W1966857494","https://openalex.org/W65954170","https://openalex.org/W4233987368","https://openalex.org/W1988876749","https://openalex.org/W4234675952","https://openalex.org/W2182522217"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2,34,45],"novel":[3],"cooperative":[4],"search":[5,52],"algorithm":[6,53],"for":[7,54],"distributed,":[8],"independent":[9],"swarm":[10,55],"robots.":[11,56],"The":[12],"focus":[13],"of":[14],"this":[15],"paper":[16],"is":[17],"three":[18],"fold:":[19],"(1)":[20],"identify":[21],"fundamental":[22],"issues":[23],"associated":[24],"with":[25],"searching":[26],"an":[27,50],"area":[28],"by":[29],"multiple":[30,41],"robots;":[31],"(2)":[32],"design":[33],"metric":[35],"to":[36,43],"measure":[37],"the":[38],"cooperation":[39],"among":[40],"robots":[42],"complete":[44],"search;":[46],"and":[47],"(3)":[48],"propose":[49],"effective":[51]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}