{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2989876454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2019.8911811","title":"A Bidirectional Object Tracking and Navigation System using a True-Range Multilateration Method","display_name":"A Bidirectional Object Tracking and Navigation System using a True-Range Multilateration Method","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2989876454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2019.8911811","mag":"2989876454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipin.2019.8911811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2019.8911811","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2937493","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023520444","display_name":"Cung Lian Sang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-9544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cung Lian Sang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455","https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060845978","display_name":"Michael Adams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-3654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Adams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455","https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078472174","display_name":"Timo Korthals","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4297-7197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Korthals","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455","https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020066947","display_name":"Timm H\u00f6rmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timm H\u00f6rmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455","https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071906667","display_name":"Marc Hesse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9500-3284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Hesse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455","https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043372144","display_name":"Ulrich R\u00fcckert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203082224","display_name":"Hochschule Bielefeld","ror":"https://ror.org/00edvg943","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203082224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrich R\u00fcckert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld Univeristy,Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group,Bielefeld,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455","https://openalex.org/I203082224"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitronics and Sensor Systems Group, Bielefeld Univeristy, Bielefeld, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023520444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455","https://openalex.org/I203082224"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.073,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78404146,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.9303469657897949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.9126138091087341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7764492034912109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-system","display_name":"Tracking system","score":0.5709131360054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5263354182243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.501183032989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4828529953956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4819628894329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4816693067550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4539073705673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-wideband","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","score":0.4430452287197113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.43385428190231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41895389556884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38395729660987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.2825620174407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.18649479746818542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1489594578742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1422279179096222}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.9303469657897949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.9126138091087341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7764492034912109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.5709131360054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5263354182243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.501183032989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4828529953956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4819628894329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4816693067550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4539073705673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21916231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851424","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","level":2,"score":0.4430452287197113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.43385428190231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41895389556884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38395729660987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.2825620174407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.18649479746818542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1489594578742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1422279179096222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipin.2019.8911811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2019.8911811","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2937493","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2937493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401670","display_name":"PUB \u2013 Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","host_organization_name":"Bielefeld University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2937493","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2937493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401670","display_name":"PUB \u2013 Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","host_organization_name":"Bielefeld University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542648184","https://openalex.org/W1965665622","https://openalex.org/W2002455951","https://openalex.org/W2031483399","https://openalex.org/W2105666891","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2126433025","https://openalex.org/W2140242774","https://openalex.org/W2213241233","https://openalex.org/W2238582461","https://openalex.org/W2396946315","https://openalex.org/W2552171314","https://openalex.org/W2557035147","https://openalex.org/W2557998141","https://openalex.org/W2578085927","https://openalex.org/W2604710118","https://openalex.org/W2780882979","https://openalex.org/W2783954354","https://openalex.org/W2802189056","https://openalex.org/W2884310543","https://openalex.org/W2912099408","https://openalex.org/W2975461012","https://openalex.org/W2980997237","https://openalex.org/W3013435333","https://openalex.org/W4249511403","https://openalex.org/W4250310797","https://openalex.org/W6629299638","https://openalex.org/W6679005315","https://openalex.org/W6681158678","https://openalex.org/W6747512288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391980879","https://openalex.org/W1636339314","https://openalex.org/W2799362944","https://openalex.org/W2903220199","https://openalex.org/W2083509671","https://openalex.org/W1978001812","https://openalex.org/W4307018408","https://openalex.org/W2355647129","https://openalex.org/W4206243596","https://openalex.org/W2353409691"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,56,143],"the":[1,8,18,48,96,100,113,130,144],"past,":[2],"several":[3],"contributions":[4],"and":[5,14,75,94],"proposals":[6],"for":[7,116],"implementation":[9,97],"of":[10,25,69,90,129],"Ultra-wideband":[11],"(UWB)-based":[12],"localization":[13,64],"positioning":[15,110],"solutions":[16],"on":[17],"system":[19,65,77,93,132,151],"level":[20],"were":[21],"made.":[22],"However,":[23],"most":[24],"them":[26],"are":[27],"limited":[28],"to":[29,43,51],"a":[30,41,44,73,79,87,92,109,120,138,148,153],"unidirectional":[31],"approach,":[32],"i.e.":[33],"data":[34],"communication":[35],"is":[36,67,106],"in":[37,78,99,112,135],"one":[38],"direction":[39],"(from":[40],"transmitter":[42],"receiver).":[45],"This":[46],"restricts":[47],"systems'":[49],"use-case":[50],"either":[52],"navigation":[53,74],"or":[54],"tracking.":[55],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"we":[59,85,118,146],"demonstrate":[60],"an":[61],"UWB-based":[62],"bidirectional":[63],"which":[66,117],"capable":[68],"acting":[70],"as":[71,108,152],"both":[72],"tracking":[76],"single":[80],"wireless":[81],"platform.":[82],"Regarding":[83],"this,":[84],"proposed":[86,119,131],"complete":[88],"set":[89],"such":[91],"outline":[95],"process":[98],"paper.":[101],"A":[102],"true-range":[103],"multilateration":[104],"method":[105],"used":[107,147],"algorithm":[111],"implemented":[114],"system,":[115],"novel":[121],"Non-Line-of-Sight":[122],"(NLOS)":[123],"mitigation":[124],"technique.":[125],"The":[126],"experimental":[127],"evaluation":[128],"was":[133],"done":[134],"comparison":[136],"with":[137],"commercially":[139],"available":[140],"UWB":[141],"system.":[142],"experiments,":[145],"Vicon":[149],"camera":[150],"reference.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}