{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2768604034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2017.8115871","title":"Assessing the impact of multi-channel BLE beacons on fingerprint-based positioning","display_name":"Assessing the impact of multi-channel BLE beacons on fingerprint-based positioning","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2768604034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2017.8115871","mag":"2768604034"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipin.2017.8115871","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2017.8115871","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.44726","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049146589","display_name":"Jovan Powar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-488X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jovan Powar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103032784","display_name":"Chao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9585-0689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032956401","display_name":"Robert Harle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Harle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6753,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90905428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beacon","display_name":"Beacon","score":0.9094129800796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.8586301803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6503065824508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6471467018127441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.5832260847091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.5385609269142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.5119879841804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.495138555765152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4871642291545868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/received-signal-strength-indication","display_name":"Received signal strength indication","score":0.4223952889442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","score":0.41604623198509216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3805028796195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3783559203147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14543423056602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10939574241638184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102168758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7321258","display_name":"Beacon","level":2,"score":0.9094129800796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.8586301803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6503065824508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6471467018127441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5832260847091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.5385609269142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5119879841804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.495138555765152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4871642291545868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778913798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195672","display_name":"Received signal strength indication","level":3,"score":0.4223952889442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.41604623198509216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3805028796195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3783559203147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14543423056602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10939574241638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipin.2017.8115871","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2017.8115871","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/297672","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/297672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Object"},{"id":"doi:10.17863/cam.44726","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.44726","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050737","display_name":"Apollo","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17863/cam.44726","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.44726","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050737","display_name":"Apollo","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2646853","https://openalex.org/W1790231888","https://openalex.org/W1893431417","https://openalex.org/W1981373725","https://openalex.org/W2031011191","https://openalex.org/W2051376734","https://openalex.org/W2060141207","https://openalex.org/W2067379728","https://openalex.org/W2080661738","https://openalex.org/W2100989187","https://openalex.org/W2104455787","https://openalex.org/W2114056690","https://openalex.org/W2122915435","https://openalex.org/W2343107556","https://openalex.org/W2403864116","https://openalex.org/W2551826414","https://openalex.org/W6600096765","https://openalex.org/W6713440441"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313213593","https://openalex.org/W2518860590","https://openalex.org/W3136975152","https://openalex.org/W2908200024","https://openalex.org/W2809973988","https://openalex.org/W2973151801","https://openalex.org/W2879970644","https://openalex.org/W2034724342","https://openalex.org/W2989666268","https://openalex.org/W3033664077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bluetooth":[0],"Low":[1],"Energy":[2],"(BLE)":[3],"beacons":[4],"are":[5],"attractive":[6],"for":[7,194],"indoor":[8],"location":[9,25],"due":[10],"to":[11,34,83,119,140,202],"their":[12],"ease":[13],"of":[14,104,150,157,164,179],"deployment,":[15],"wide":[16],"support":[17],"on":[18,45,113],"consumer":[19,63,126],"devices":[20,64],"and":[21,70,108,136,138,162],"low":[22],"cost.":[23],"Co-ordinate":[24],"can":[26,56,81],"be":[27],"estimated":[28],"using":[29,124],"radio":[30],"fingerprinting":[31,47,187],"techniques":[32],"applied":[33],"Received":[35],"Signal":[36],"Strength":[37],"(RSS)":[38],"values":[39],"from":[40],"BLE":[41,46,53],"beacons.":[42],"Earlier":[43],"work":[44,89],"has":[48,112],"noted":[49],"that":[50,80,130,176,185,189],"the":[51,102,105,131,177,180],"separate":[52],"advertising":[54],"channels":[55,181],"exhibit":[57],"different":[58],"RSS":[59,75],"values,":[60],"although":[61],"modern":[62],"do":[65],"not":[66],"provide":[67],"channel":[68,95,121],"information":[69,122],"therefore":[71],"report":[72],"a":[73,186,191],"composite":[74,151,165],"with":[76],"artificially":[77],"inflated":[78],"variance":[79],"lead":[82],"reduced":[84,142],"positioning":[85,143,199],"accuracy.":[86],"In":[87],"this":[88,94],"we":[90,116],"quantify":[91],"how":[92,118],"often":[93],"dispersion":[96,106,132],"occurs":[97],"in":[98,145],"typical":[99],"environments,":[100],"what":[101,109],"extent":[103],"is,":[107],"impact":[110],"it":[111],"positioning.":[114],"Furthermore":[115],"explore":[117],"obtain":[120],"when":[123],"today's":[125],"devices.":[127],"We":[128,173],"find":[129],"is":[133,182],"both":[134],"common":[135],"significant":[137],"leads":[139],"significantly":[141,197],"accuracy;":[144],"our":[146],"experiments":[147],"only":[148],"10%":[149],"variances":[152,166],"were":[153,167],"within":[154],"1":[155],"dBm":[156,171],"an":[158],"individual":[159],"channel's":[160],"variance,":[161],"40%":[163],"at":[168],"least":[169],"4":[170],"greater.":[172],"also":[174],"show":[175],"behaviour":[178],"sufficiently":[183],"distinct":[184],"scheme":[188],"uses":[190],"signal":[192],"map":[193],"each":[195],"achieves":[196],"increased":[198],"accuracy":[200],"(up":[201],"3":[203],"m).":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
