{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1629299705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2014.7275528","title":"A collaborative approach to heading estimation for smartphone-based PDR indoor localisation","display_name":"A collaborative approach to heading estimation for smartphone-based PDR indoor localisation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1629299705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2014.7275528","mag":"1629299705"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipin.2014.7275528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2014.7275528","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077413260","display_name":"Marzieh Jalal Abadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marzieh Jalal Abadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National ICT Australia, Alexandria, NSW, Australia","School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National ICT Australia, Alexandria, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088304530","display_name":"Luca Luceri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-7484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Luceri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060359558","display_name":"Mahbub Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-8590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahbub Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National ICT Australia, Alexandria, NSW, Australia","School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National ICT Australia, Alexandria, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045942593","display_name":"Chun Tung Chou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4512-7155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Tung Chou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002552632","display_name":"Monica Nicoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-7015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monica Nicoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077413260"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571","https://openalex.org/I42894916"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91545776,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"554","last_page":"563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9782000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heading","display_name":"Heading (navigation)","score":0.96462082862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetometer","display_name":"Magnetometer","score":0.7369371056556702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6519250869750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-reckoning","display_name":"Dead reckoning","score":0.5798342227935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5736895799636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.5043507814407349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45071327686309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.4295894503593445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.3201199769973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.17415305972099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.1662437617778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13421383500099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.10212025046348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07737275958061218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776937971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4384217","display_name":"Heading (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.96462082862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153946474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333921","display_name":"Magnetometer","level":3,"score":0.7369371056556702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6519250869750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106165642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152255","display_name":"Dead reckoning","level":3,"score":0.5798342227935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5736895799636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.5043507814407349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45071327686309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.4295894503593445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3201199769973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.17415305972099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.1662437617778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13421383500099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.10212025046348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07737275958061218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipin.2014.7275528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2014.7275528","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/865750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7275528/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61383930","https://openalex.org/W127475754","https://openalex.org/W1495061682","https://openalex.org/W1525535255","https://openalex.org/W1540649255","https://openalex.org/W1596077349","https://openalex.org/W1971173149","https://openalex.org/W1976830740","https://openalex.org/W1988543519","https://openalex.org/W1995285997","https://openalex.org/W1995588456","https://openalex.org/W2010545331","https://openalex.org/W2020105342","https://openalex.org/W2040884411","https://openalex.org/W2051376734","https://openalex.org/W2060141207","https://openalex.org/W2070027626","https://openalex.org/W2098939290","https://openalex.org/W2100045669","https://openalex.org/W2106985027","https://openalex.org/W2108963537","https://openalex.org/W2116068514","https://openalex.org/W2116515215","https://openalex.org/W2118975298","https://openalex.org/W2123588191","https://openalex.org/W2132110947","https://openalex.org/W2132610958","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2141263318","https://openalex.org/W2142216726","https://openalex.org/W2152034016","https://openalex.org/W2160643434","https://openalex.org/W2163993204","https://openalex.org/W2167470927","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W2170240475","https://openalex.org/W2170484568","https://openalex.org/W2171186223","https://openalex.org/W2181442650","https://openalex.org/W2809280412","https://openalex.org/W2999214452","https://openalex.org/W4206180546","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605204927","https://openalex.org/W6629652716","https://openalex.org/W6668302657","https://openalex.org/W6753046066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244052565","https://openalex.org/W2358719579","https://openalex.org/W4252778923","https://openalex.org/W2385042721","https://openalex.org/W2367929022","https://openalex.org/W2769521921","https://openalex.org/W4285223350","https://openalex.org/W2800933538","https://openalex.org/W4387486853","https://openalex.org/W3017998757"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pedestrian":[0],"dead":[1],"reckoning":[2],"(PDR)":[3],"is":[4,12,37,50,98,149,219,232,273],"widely":[5],"used":[6],"for":[7,60],"indoor":[8],"localisation.":[9],"Its":[10],"principle":[11],"to":[13,31,38,69,92,115,131,181,221,265],"recursively":[14],"update":[15],"the":[16,19,33,46,56,108,116,120,133,141,152,170,209,238,241,260],"location":[17],"of":[18,81,146,176,211,228,240,270],"pedestrian":[20],"by":[21,196],"using":[22,197,214,280],"step":[23,26],"length":[24],"and":[25,113,163,253],"heading.":[27],"A":[28],"common":[29],"method":[30,68,79,213,218],"estimate":[32,97,226,243],"heading":[34,61,71,96,105,134,225,242,262],"in":[35,140,161,169,192],"PDR":[36,278],"use":[39],"magnetometer":[40,57,248,283],"measurements.":[41,284],"However,":[42],"unlike":[43],"outdoor":[44],"environments,":[45],"Earth's":[47],"magnetic":[48,155],"field":[49],"strongly":[51],"perturbed":[52],"inside":[53],"buildings":[54],"making":[55],"measurements":[58,249],"unreliable":[59],"estimation.":[62],"This":[63],"paper":[64],"presents":[65],"a":[66,88,95,100,193,198],"new":[67],"reduce":[70],"estimation":[72,263],"errors":[73],"when":[74],"magnetometers":[75,178],"are":[76,111,123,157,167,179],"used.":[77],"The":[78,84,125,144,217],"consists":[80],"two":[82],"components.":[83],"first":[85],"component":[86,127,148],"uses":[87,128],"machine":[89],"learning":[90],"algorithm":[91,200],"detect":[93],"whether":[94],"within":[99,107],"specific":[101],"error":[102,109,227,239],"margin.":[103],"Only":[104],"estimates":[106,122,135],"margin":[110],"retained":[112],"passed":[114],"second":[117,126],"component,":[118],"while":[119],"other":[121],"discarded.":[124],"data":[129],"fusion":[130,185],"average":[132,224,267],"from":[136],"multiple":[137,165],"people":[138,166],"walking":[139,168],"same":[142,171],"direction.":[143],"rationale":[145],"this":[147],"based":[150,244],"on":[151,246],"observation":[153],"that":[154],"perturbations":[156],"often":[158],"highly":[159,256],"localised":[160],"space":[162],"if":[164],"direction,":[172],"then":[173],"only":[174,245,281],"some":[175],"their":[177],"likely":[180],"be":[182,189],"perturbed.":[183],"Data":[184],"between":[186],"users":[187],"can":[188],"carried":[190],"out":[191],"distributed":[194],"manner":[195],"consensus":[199],"with":[201],"information":[202],"sharing":[203],"over":[204,277],"wireless":[205],"links.":[206],"We":[207],"tested":[208],"performance":[210],"our":[212],"92":[215],"datasets.":[216],"shown":[220],"provide":[222],"an":[223,266,274],"approximately":[229],"2\u00b0,":[230],"which":[231,272],"more":[233],"than":[234,237],"6-fold":[235],"lower":[236],"raw":[247,282],"(without":[250],"any":[251],"filtering":[252],"fusion).":[254],"Assuming":[255],"accurate":[257],"step-length":[258],"observation,":[259],"improved":[261],"leads":[264],"localisation":[268,279],"accuracy":[269],"55cm,":[271],"80%":[275],"improvement":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}