{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4304820469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipccc55026.2022.9894312","title":"A Scalable Nested Blockchain Framework with Dynamic Node Selection Approach for IoT","display_name":"A Scalable Nested Blockchain Framework with Dynamic Node Selection Approach for IoT","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4304820469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipccc55026.2022.9894312"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipccc55026.2022.9894312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipccc55026.2022.9894312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference (IPCCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026136340","display_name":"Xiaofeng He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6465-0707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649609","display_name":"Yuchao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0135-8915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395727","display_name":"Xiaotian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6970-2997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"108","last_page":"113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8578720092773438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7442865967750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.561852753162384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5613009929656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5397596955299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traceability","display_name":"Traceability","score":0.4912979006767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4616481363773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.42963922023773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.42413759231567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.41088324785232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2693323493003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.23225590586662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.09852394461631775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8578720092773438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7442865967750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.561852753162384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5613009929656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5397596955299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153876917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899704","display_name":"Traceability","level":2,"score":0.4912979006767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4616481363773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.42963922023773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.42413759231567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.41088324785232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2693323493003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.23225590586662292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.09852394461631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ipccc55026.2022.9894312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ipccc55026.2022.9894312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference (IPCCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013775262","https://openalex.org/W2621605855","https://openalex.org/W2757637133","https://openalex.org/W2885100636","https://openalex.org/W2961769086","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2980024610","https://openalex.org/W2997016418","https://openalex.org/W3000385461","https://openalex.org/W3045145144","https://openalex.org/W3108722340","https://openalex.org/W3202887189","https://openalex.org/W4283078860","https://openalex.org/W4287775069","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6778510928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378709054","https://openalex.org/W4380301954","https://openalex.org/W2803090313","https://openalex.org/W1482465488","https://openalex.org/W2052375654","https://openalex.org/W2376767034","https://openalex.org/W2350918606","https://openalex.org/W2379549210","https://openalex.org/W4285661598","https://openalex.org/W2352722562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,108],"high":[1],"level":[2],"of":[3,18,59,63,75,153,162],"scalability":[4,58],"is":[5,118],"needed":[6],"to":[7,31,37,40,56,83,170,193,200],"support":[8],"the":[9,16,57,60,85,101,105,126,151,166],"large-scale":[10],"Internet-of-Things":[11],"(IoT)":[12],"networks.":[13],"To":[14],"address":[15,84],"issue":[17],"distributed":[19,96],"trust":[20],"in":[21],"different":[22],"IoT":[23,34,49,106],"devices,":[24],"blockchain":[25,64],"technology":[26],"can":[27,148],"be":[28],"effectively":[29,149],"used":[30,94],"safely":[32],"manage":[33],"data":[35,51],"due":[36],"its":[38,172],"ability":[39],"provide":[41],"transactions":[42],"traceability":[43],"and":[44,65,79,131,158,174,195],"security.":[45],"However,":[46],"massive":[47],"real-time":[48],"application":[50],"has":[52],"brought":[53],"huge":[54],"challenges":[55],"integration":[61],"framework":[62,164,184],"IoT.":[66],"This":[67],"paper":[68],"proposes":[69],"a":[70,137,160],"nested-chain":[71],"architecture,":[72],"which":[73,147],"consists":[74],"one":[76],"main":[77,89],"chain":[78,90,103],"multiple":[80],"sub":[81,102],"chains":[82,117],"aforementioned":[86],"challenges.":[87],"The":[88,176],"stores":[91,104],"identity":[92,97],"credential":[93],"for":[95,120],"(DID)":[98],"management,":[99],"while":[100],"data.":[107],"notary":[109],"module":[110],"that":[111,181],"involves":[112],"access":[113],"nodes":[114],"from":[115],"both":[116],"designed":[119],"cross-chain":[121,154],"transactions.":[122],"In":[123],"addition,":[124],"considering":[125],"transaction":[127],"information,":[128],"node":[129,138],"characteristics,":[130],"network":[132],"status,":[133],"we":[134],"further":[135],"introduce":[136],"selection":[139],"algorithm":[140],"based":[141],"on":[142,165],"Graph":[143],"Convolutional":[144],"Network":[145],"(GCN),":[146],"reduce":[150],"cost":[152],"communications.":[155],"We":[156],"implement":[157],"evaluate":[159],"prototype":[161],"our":[163,182],"Hyperledger":[167],"Fabric":[168],"platform":[169],"demonstrate":[171],"feasibility":[173],"superiority.":[175],"analyzed":[177],"results":[178],"have":[179],"shown":[180],"proposed":[183],"outperforms":[185],"traditional":[186],"schemes,":[187],"by":[188],"reducing":[189],"system":[190,197],"latency":[191],"up":[192,199],"23.2%":[194],"increasing":[196],"throughput":[198],"12.5%.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
