{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2997028436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iotsms48152.2019.8939201","title":"Unsupervised Anomaly Alerting for IoT-Gateway Monitoring using Adaptive Thresholds and Half-Space Trees","display_name":"Unsupervised Anomaly Alerting for IoT-Gateway Monitoring using Adaptive Thresholds and Half-Space Trees","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2997028436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iotsms48152.2019.8939201","mag":"2997028436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iotsms48152.2019.8939201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iotsms48152.2019.8939201","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Sixth International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088165272","display_name":"Rene Wetzig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rene Wetzig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Complex and Distributed IT-Systems TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complex and Distributed IT-Systems TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023722473","display_name":"Anton Gulenko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Gulenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Complex and Distributed IT-Systems TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complex and Distributed IT-Systems TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018762132","display_name":"Florian Schmidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-2579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Complex and Distributed IT-Systems TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complex and Distributed IT-Systems TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088165272"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5601,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76089062,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"161","last_page":"168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.8913375735282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7771102786064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.5393038392066956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5038787722587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4837929904460907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.45304161310195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.44364067912101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.43556737899780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-drift","display_name":"Concept drift","score":0.4197566509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40104278922080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-mining","display_name":"Data stream mining","score":0.27196940779685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.19959214329719543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11407652497291565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.8913375735282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7771102786064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.5393038392066956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5038787722587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4837929904460907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.45304161310195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44364067912101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.43556737899780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60777511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045002","display_name":"Concept drift","level":3,"score":0.4197566509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40104278922080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89198739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079880","display_name":"Data stream mining","level":2,"score":0.27196940779685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.19959214329719543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11407652497291565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iotsms48152.2019.8939201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iotsms48152.2019.8939201","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Sixth International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W201138236","https://openalex.org/W2009481304","https://openalex.org/W2053449529","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2169384417","https://openalex.org/W2270979598","https://openalex.org/W2317519233","https://openalex.org/W2559999940","https://openalex.org/W2571654287","https://openalex.org/W2768569922","https://openalex.org/W2799741169","https://openalex.org/W2891117320","https://openalex.org/W2902455138","https://openalex.org/W3106543020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2901543039","https://openalex.org/W2042251007","https://openalex.org/W1925557818","https://openalex.org/W4313189404","https://openalex.org/W2122363889","https://openalex.org/W3207876826","https://openalex.org/W2984111956","https://openalex.org/W2110365568","https://openalex.org/W2888412392","https://openalex.org/W4206658204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Through":[0],"increasingly":[1],"powerful":[2],"hardware,":[3],"the":[4,22,37,66,69,85,150,162,172,185],"computational":[5,114],"resources":[6],"of":[7,24,28,39,44,72,87,145,161,171,176,187,201],"IoT-Gateways":[8,29],"are":[9],"growing,":[10],"enabling":[11],"more":[12],"sophisticated":[13],"data":[14,104,129,156],"analytics,":[15],"service":[16],"deployments":[17],"and":[18,30,47,110,131,142,198],"virtualisation":[19],"capabilities.":[20],"However,":[21],"difficulty":[23],"ensuring":[25],"high":[26,194],"reliability":[27],"its":[31],"deployed":[32],"services":[33],"increases":[34],"along":[35],"with":[36,180,193],"complexity":[38,115],"digital":[40],"systems.":[41],"Reliable":[42],"operation":[43],"such":[45],"gateways":[46],"devices":[48],"therefore":[49],"depends":[50],"on":[51,154,178],"automated":[52],"methods":[53],"for":[54,94,137],"detecting":[55],"abnormal":[56],"behaviour":[57],"as":[58,60],"early":[59],"possible,":[61],"in":[62,113],"order":[63,121],"to":[64,116,122],"remediate":[65],"situation":[67],"before":[68],"complete":[70],"failure":[71],"a":[73,128,159,168],"system":[74],"component.":[75],"We":[76],"propose":[77,127],"an":[78,106],"unsupervised":[79],"anomaly":[80,98,132,151,191],"detection":[81,152,192,195],"algorithm":[82],"by":[83],"extending":[84],"concept":[86],"Half-Space":[88,188],"Trees":[89],"through":[90],"online":[91],"adaptive":[92],"thresholds":[93],"real-time":[95,118],"computation.":[96],"The":[97],"detector":[99],"consumes":[100],"multidimensional":[101],"time":[102],"series":[103],"from":[105,158],"external":[107],"monitoring":[108,155],"component":[109],"is":[111],"fixed":[112],"support":[117],"operation.":[119],"In":[120],"determine":[123],"valuable":[124],"hyperparameters,":[125],"we":[126,148],"stream":[130],"simulation":[133],"system,":[134],"providing":[135],"options":[136],"pattern":[138],"induced":[139],"load":[140],"simulations":[141],"different":[143],"types":[144],"anomalies.":[146],"Further,":[147],"evaluate":[149],"method":[153],"originating":[157],"deployment":[160],"open":[163],"source":[164],"software":[165],"Project":[166],"Clearwater,":[167],"lightweight":[169],"implementation":[170],"IP-Multimedia":[173],"Subsystem":[174],"capable":[175],"running":[177],"VMs":[179],"limited":[181],"resources.":[182],"Results":[183],"show":[184],"applicability":[186],"Tree":[189],"based":[190],"rates":[196],"(99.4%)":[197],"low":[199],"number":[200],"false":[202],"alarms":[203],"(<;":[204],"3%).":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}