{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204845084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista52262.2021.9548531","title":"ReLM: An Efficient Reinforcement Learning-Based Localization Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"ReLM: An Efficient Reinforcement Learning-Based Localization Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204845084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista52262.2021.9548531","mag":"3204845084"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/inista52262.2021.9548531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista52262.2021.9548531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498847","display_name":"2021 International Conference on INnovations in Intelligent SysTems and Applications (INISTA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on INnovations in Intelligent SysTems and Applications (INISTA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079420157","display_name":"Manel Khelifi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2921-2376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116970179","display_name":"University of Jijel","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkfk814","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manel Khelifi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Mohamed Seddik Benyahia,Department of Computer Science,Jijel,Algeria,18000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Mohamed Seddik Benyahia,Department of Computer Science,Jijel,Algeria,18000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030824303","display_name":"Samira Moussaoui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5857-4142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157169809","display_name":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene","ror":"https://ror.org/02kb89c09","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samira Moussaoui","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Houari Boumediene (USTHB),Department of Computer Science,Algiers,Algeria,16000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Houari Boumediene (USTHB),Department of Computer Science,Algiers,Algeria,16000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.734,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82680887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.8142338991165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7284191846847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6882582902908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.5433562397956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4794798791408539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.42556023597717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-sensor","display_name":"Intelligent sensor","score":0.411067932844162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38841867446899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38430947065353394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3629390001296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3452609181404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3248410224914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2868000864982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17097342014312744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.8142338991165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7284191846847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6882582902908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.5433562397956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4794798791408539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.42556023597717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176563091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q669238","display_name":"Intelligent sensor","level":3,"score":0.411067932844162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38841867446899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38430947065353394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3629390001296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3452609181404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3248410224914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2868000864982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17097342014312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/inista52262.2021.9548531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista52262.2021.9548531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498847","display_name":"2021 International Conference on INnovations in Intelligent SysTems and Applications (INISTA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on INnovations in Intelligent SysTems and Applications (INISTA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55316470","https://openalex.org/W1546612633","https://openalex.org/W1679749529","https://openalex.org/W1994311938","https://openalex.org/W1994426420","https://openalex.org/W2073384958","https://openalex.org/W2084361420","https://openalex.org/W2104879872","https://openalex.org/W2107726111","https://openalex.org/W2128569883","https://openalex.org/W2131152141","https://openalex.org/W2132932625","https://openalex.org/W2171550868","https://openalex.org/W2188514821","https://openalex.org/W2239705293","https://openalex.org/W2244346996","https://openalex.org/W2320046825","https://openalex.org/W2324310403","https://openalex.org/W2326278880","https://openalex.org/W2413566101","https://openalex.org/W2753958158","https://openalex.org/W2809813965","https://openalex.org/W2970852842","https://openalex.org/W3018303008","https://openalex.org/W3034802270","https://openalex.org/W3094282058","https://openalex.org/W3103693542","https://openalex.org/W4211221179","https://openalex.org/W6602234283","https://openalex.org/W6668832442"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3074294383","https://openalex.org/W4206669594","https://openalex.org/W2959276766","https://openalex.org/W4296604514","https://openalex.org/W2138841754","https://openalex.org/W2444350072","https://openalex.org/W2074719413","https://openalex.org/W4310471772","https://openalex.org/W2155066697","https://openalex.org/W2007157415"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0],"of":[1,31,74,85,130,137,190,196],"Things":[2],"(IoT)":[3],"based":[4,99,175],"on":[5,100,120,177],"mobile":[6,61,148,191],"wireless":[7],"sensor":[8,51],"networks":[9],"(MWSNs)":[10],"is":[11,46,54,174],"a":[12,88,95,143,223],"promising":[13],"paradigm":[14],"for":[15],"future":[16],"networks.":[17],"They":[18],"are":[19,60],"poised":[20],"to":[21,28,39,104,133,150,201,205],"revolutionize":[22],"the":[23,29,50,58,72,80,106,131,135,138,147,152,159,178,182,188,194,207,218],"entire":[24],"technology":[25],"landscape":[26],"owing":[27],"versatility":[30],"their":[32,66,203],"applications,":[33],"which":[34,173],"range":[35],"from":[36],"smart":[37],"agriculture":[38],"highly":[40],"automated":[41],"medical":[42],"deliveries.":[43],"However,":[44],"it":[45],"very":[47],"common":[48],"that":[49,78,145,166,213],"network":[52,132],"topology":[53,81],"frequently":[55],"evolving":[56],"as":[57,162],"sensors":[59,86,149],"and":[62,83,123,155,181,221],"constantly":[63],"moving.":[64],"Then,":[65],"positions":[67,204],"change":[68],"over":[69],"time.":[70],"Therefore,":[71],"development":[73],"efficient":[75],"localization":[76,97,107,160,189,208],"schemes":[77],"support":[79],"changes":[82],"mobility":[84],"remains":[87],"challenge.":[89],"In":[90],"this":[91],"paper,":[92],"we":[93],"proposed":[94,117],"novel":[96],"algorithm":[98,118,215,220],"reinforcement":[101,171],"learning":[102],"(ReLM)":[103],"address":[105],"problem":[108,161,165],"in":[109],"MWSNs.":[110],"Rather":[111],"than":[112],"using":[113,170],"additional":[114],"hardware,":[115],"our":[116,214],"relies":[119],"local":[121],"information":[122],"does":[124],"not":[125],"require":[126],"any":[127],"prior":[128],"knowledge":[129],"estimate":[134,202],"position":[136,225],"sensors.":[139],"It":[140],"mainly":[141],"provided":[142,222],"model":[144],"allows":[146],"predict":[151],"best":[153],"direction":[154],"position.":[156],"We":[157],"formulate":[158],"an":[163,198],"optimization":[164],"will":[167],"be":[168],"solved":[169],"learning,":[172],"specifically":[176],"Q-learning":[179],"technique":[180],"Boltzmann":[183],"strategy.":[184],"Hence,":[185],"ReLM":[186],"combines":[187],"nodes":[192],"by":[193],"process":[195],"finding":[197],"adaptive":[199],"policy":[200],"minimize":[206],"error.":[209,227],"Simulation":[210],"results":[211],"showed":[212],"significantly":[216],"outperformed":[217],"MCL":[219],"lower":[224],"estimation":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
