{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036857476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista.2014.6873632","title":"Threat assessment for GPS navigation","display_name":"Threat assessment for GPS navigation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036857476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista.2014.6873632","mag":"2036857476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/inista.2014.6873632","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista.2014.6873632","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications (INISTA) Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067035684","display_name":"Stephen C. Stubberud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1216-3400"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen C. Stubberud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Programs Oakridge Technologies, San Diego, USA","Adv. Programs Oakridge Technol., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Programs Oakridge Technologies, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adv. Programs Oakridge Technol., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034346452","display_name":"Kathleen Kramer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4789-0245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160856358","display_name":"University of San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/03jbbze48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen A. Kramer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of San Diego, San Diego, USA","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Univ. of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of San Diego, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Univ. of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2687,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84959832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"287","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.8973000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.6506246328353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6388907432556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.558729350566864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/navigation-system","display_name":"Navigation system","score":0.48760977387428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.41279804706573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3959687352180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33240944147109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10618466138839722}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.8973000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.6506246328353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6388907432556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.558729350566864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777891301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3475123","display_name":"Navigation system","level":2,"score":0.48760977387428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.41279804706573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3959687352180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33240944147109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10618466138839722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/inista.2014.6873632","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/inista.2014.6873632","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications (INISTA) Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568122762","https://openalex.org/W1581159451","https://openalex.org/W1602140144","https://openalex.org/W1974589906","https://openalex.org/W2006524911","https://openalex.org/W2070012626","https://openalex.org/W2085712631","https://openalex.org/W2096660916","https://openalex.org/W2099306963","https://openalex.org/W2119416724","https://openalex.org/W2120730258","https://openalex.org/W2121140524","https://openalex.org/W2147190588","https://openalex.org/W2164472525","https://openalex.org/W2588687753","https://openalex.org/W2992221258","https://openalex.org/W4205265922","https://openalex.org/W4250143236","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6668263592","https://openalex.org/W6733634336","https://openalex.org/W6770608024","https://openalex.org/W7036982748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162200841","https://openalex.org/W2586280620","https://openalex.org/W2805505483","https://openalex.org/W2334071950","https://openalex.org/W2384744344","https://openalex.org/W4233932308","https://openalex.org/W1799694159","https://openalex.org/W2393169196","https://openalex.org/W2390992067","https://openalex.org/W2109891302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"GPS":[0,18,40,96],"navigation":[1,41],"and":[2,14,80,94],"guidance":[3],"has":[4],"become":[5],"more":[6],"prevalent":[7],"in":[8,59],"critical":[9],"systems":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12],"UAV":[13],"shipping.":[15],"Attacks":[16],"on":[17],"are":[19],"now":[20],"becoming":[21],"of":[22,82],"greater":[23],"concern.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"an":[28,62],"evidence":[29,57,87],"accrual":[30,88],"system":[31,42,89],"is":[32,90],"discussed":[33],"that":[34,76],"looks":[35],"to":[36,54,92],"identify":[37],"when":[38],"a":[39,49,70],"may":[43],"be":[44],"compromised.":[45],"The":[46,66],"techniques":[47],"use":[48],"novel":[50],"fuzzy":[51],"Kalman":[52],"filter":[53],"drive":[55],"the":[56,78],"generation":[58],"conjunction":[60],"with":[61],"image-based":[63],"correlation":[64,68],"technique.":[65],"image":[67],"provides":[69],"pattern":[71],"recognition":[72],"for":[73],"complex":[74,83,95],"observations":[75],"avoids":[77],"identification":[79],"development":[81],"functions.":[84],"This":[85],"new":[86],"applied":[91],"realistic":[93],"attack":[97],"problems.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}