{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7084086575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps65812.2025.11152991","title":"A Technical Framework For Formally Verifying AI Models Supporting 6G Network Functions","display_name":"A Technical Framework For Formally Verifying AI Models Supporting 6G Network Functions","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7084086575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps65812.2025.11152991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocomwkshps65812.2025.11152991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps65812.2025.11152991","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2025 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/7a9de782-bc5c-447b-8436-839600d5a11b","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M M Hassan Mahmud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140554","display_name":"Digital Catapult (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03wsc5672","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M M Hassan Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Renjith Baby","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140554","display_name":"Digital Catapult (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03wsc5672","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renjith Baby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shadi Moazzeni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shadi Moazzeni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Juan Parra-Ullauri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Parra-Ullauri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xueqing Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueqing Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yulei Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Konstantinos Katsaros","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140554","display_name":"Digital Catapult (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03wsc5672","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Katsaros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ioannis Mavromatis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140554","display_name":"Digital Catapult (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03wsc5672","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Mavromatis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Catapult,Technology Team,London,UK,NW1 2RA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shah Zeb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shah Zeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rasheed Hussain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasheed Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dimitra Simeonidou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitra Simeonidou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Internet Lab University of Bristol,High-Performance Networks Group,UK,BS8 1UB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59404779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10337","display_name":"Liver Disease and Transplantation","score":0.36500000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10337","display_name":"Liver Disease and Transplantation","score":0.36500000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12689","display_name":"Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning","score":0.27649998664855957,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.22499999403953552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verifiable-secret-sharing","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","score":0.6621999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.5753999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"Certification","score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trustworthiness","display_name":"Trustworthiness","score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.32030001282691956}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7412999868392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.6621999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.5753999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3456000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104122410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416406","display_name":"Network model","level":2,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776874963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4112081","display_name":"Virtual network","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocomwkshps65812.2025.11152991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps65812.2025.11152991","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2025 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire/7a9de782-bc5c-447b-8436-839600d5a11b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/7a9de782-bc5c-447b-8436-839600d5a11b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mahmud, M M H, Baby, R, Moazzeni, S, Parra-Ullauri, J, Zhou, X, Wu, Y, Katsaros, K, Mavromatis, I, Zeb, S, Hussain, R & Simeonidou, D 2025, A Technical Framework For Formally Verifying AI Models Supporting 6G Network Functions. in IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM WKSHPS 2025. IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM WKSHPS 2025, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS65812.2025.11152991","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire/7a9de782-bc5c-447b-8436-839600d5a11b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/7a9de782-bc5c-447b-8436-839600d5a11b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mahmud, M M H, Baby, R, Moazzeni, S, Parra-Ullauri, J, Zhou, X, Wu, Y, Katsaros, K, Mavromatis, I, Zeb, S, Hussain, R & Simeonidou, D 2025, A Technical Framework For Formally Verifying AI Models Supporting 6G Network Functions. in IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM WKSHPS 2025. IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM WKSHPS 2025, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS65812.2025.11152991","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553894716","https://openalex.org/W2089194229","https://openalex.org/W2165073069","https://openalex.org/W2594877703","https://openalex.org/W2963054787","https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W3036286896","https://openalex.org/W4205950066","https://openalex.org/W4206602494","https://openalex.org/W4283212640","https://openalex.org/W4286567539","https://openalex.org/W4294559022","https://openalex.org/W4309674289","https://openalex.org/W4372353038","https://openalex.org/W4384028520","https://openalex.org/W4399750638","https://openalex.org/W4400582852","https://openalex.org/W4404788040","https://openalex.org/W4408951656"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,118,144],"paper":[2,47],"we":[3,141],"propose":[4],"a":[5,37,83],"technical":[6,104],"framework":[7,81,119,145],"for":[8,70,106],"applying":[9],"formally":[10],"verifiable":[11],"AI":[12,17,33,92,108,122],"(FVAI)":[13],"methods":[14,54],"to":[15,36,49,56,63],"certify":[16],"models":[18,123],"that":[19,27,58],"support":[20],"6G":[21,77,126],"network":[22,88,133,138],"functions.":[23],"The":[24,79],"certifications":[25,98],"state":[26],"the":[28,44,50,115,150],"input/output":[29,110],"behavior":[30],"of":[31,53,86,96,117],"an":[32],"model":[34,100,109],"conforms":[35],"specification":[38],"or":[39],"identifies":[40],"potential":[41],"issues":[42],"with":[43],"model.":[45],"This":[46],"contributes":[48],"broad":[51],"spectrum":[52],"necessary":[55],"ensure":[57],"deep":[59],"learning":[60],"models,":[61,93],"known":[62],"have":[64],"instability":[65],"issues,":[66],"are":[67],"sufficiently":[68],"trustworthy":[69],"supporting":[71],"functions":[72,89,134],"in":[73,120,124,131,149],"critical":[74],"infrastructure":[75],"like":[76],"networks.":[78],"proposed":[80],"gives":[82],"unified":[84],"way":[85],"representing":[87],"supported":[90],"by":[91],"certifications,":[94],"construction":[95],"those":[97],"from":[99],"behaviour,":[101],"and":[102,135],"incorporating":[103],"tools":[105],"bounding":[107],"behaviour.":[111],"We":[112],"also":[113],"illustrate":[114],"use":[116,127],"verifying":[121],"two":[125],"cases":[128],"on":[129],"optimisations":[130],"virtual":[132],"radio":[136],"access":[137],"resources.":[139],"Furthermore,":[140],"discuss":[142],"how":[143],"can":[146],"be":[147],"extended":[148],"future.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}