{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3185215426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps51825.2021.9484444","title":"Demonstrating Physical Layer Security Via Weighted Fractional Fourier Transform","display_name":"Demonstrating Physical Layer Security Via Weighted Fractional Fourier Transform","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3185215426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps51825.2021.9484444","mag":"3185215426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocomwkshps51825.2021.9484444","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps51825.2021.9484444","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060865895","display_name":"Xiaojie Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3337-2241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojie Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108614594","display_name":"Xinyu Yin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404886","display_name":"Ning Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8781-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083179738","display_name":"Xuejun Sha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6204-0839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuejun Sha","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100417312","display_name":"Hongli Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-7106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongli Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667378","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060865895"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9851,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72357071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11210","display_name":"Mathematical Analysis and Transform Methods","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11210","display_name":"Mathematical Analysis and Transform Methods","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7742646932601929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.7616181373596191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6881318092346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phy","display_name":"PHY","score":0.5848543047904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5118400454521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.48620766401290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4813826382160187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4665951728820801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","score":0.455766499042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4117390215396881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.3452455997467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3410745859146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11670699715614319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11383157968521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-analysis","display_name":"Fourier analysis","score":0.07902199029922485}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7742646932601929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.7616181373596191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6881318092346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.5848543047904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5118400454521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.48620766401290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4813826382160187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4665951728820801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817582","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.455766499042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4117390215396881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.3452455997467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3410745859146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11670699715614319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11383157968521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.07902199029922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocomwkshps51825.2021.9484444","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps51825.2021.9484444","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2621968521","https://openalex.org/W2964113506","https://openalex.org/W2964345771"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3026705917","https://openalex.org/W2516026999","https://openalex.org/W2155410265","https://openalex.org/W2769689807","https://openalex.org/W3121990887","https://openalex.org/W3166880716","https://openalex.org/W2904430835","https://openalex.org/W2945523224","https://openalex.org/W4313639042","https://openalex.org/W3193707396"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"significant":[4],"enthusiasms":[5],"in":[6],"exploiting":[7],"physical":[8],"(PHY-)":[9],"layer":[10],"characteristics":[11,69],"for":[12],"secure":[13,78],"wireless":[14,52],"communication.":[15],"However,":[16],"most":[17],"existing":[18],"PHY-layer":[19],"security":[20,50,108,123],"paradigms":[21],"are":[22,27],"information":[23],"theoretical":[24],"methodologies,":[25],"which":[26],"infeasible":[28],"to":[29,47,75],"real":[30],"and":[31,77,99,122],"practical":[32],"systems.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"we":[37],"propose":[38],"a":[39,84],"weighted":[40],"fractional":[41],"Fourier":[42],"transform":[43],"(WFRFT)":[44],"pre-coding":[45,97,113],"scheme":[46,64,98,114],"enhance":[48],"the":[49,58,62,68,71,89,92,95,100,107,111,120,127],"of":[51,60,70,110,126],"transmissions":[53],"against":[54],"eavesdropping.":[55],"By":[56],"leveraging":[57],"concept":[59],"WFRFT,":[61],"proposed":[63,128],"can":[65],"easily":[66],"change":[67],"underlying":[72],"radio":[73],"signals":[74],"complement":[76],"upper-layer":[79],"cryptographic":[80],"protocols.":[81],"We":[82],"demonstrate":[83],"running":[85],"prototype":[86],"based":[87],"on":[88],"LTE-framework.":[90],"First,":[91],"compatibility":[93],"between":[94],"WFRFT":[96,112],"conversational":[101],"LTE":[102],"architecture":[103],"is":[104,115],"presented.":[105],"Then,":[106],"mechanism":[109],"demonstrated.":[116],"Experimental":[117],"results":[118],"validate":[119],"practicability":[121],"performance":[124],"superiority":[125],"scheme.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}