{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048366093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps50562.2020.9163002","title":"Demo Abstract: CLoRa-A Covert Channel over LoRa PHY","display_name":"Demo Abstract: CLoRa-A Covert Channel over LoRa PHY","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048366093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps50562.2020.9163002","mag":"3048366093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocomwkshps50562.2020.9163002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps50562.2020.9163002","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2020 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/105528/1/Hou_Demo_Abstract_Clora-A.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019148156","display_name":"Ningning Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-1274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ningning Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091556511","display_name":"Yuanqing Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-687X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanqing Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019148156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.104,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42835481,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1288","last_page":"1289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.7284584045410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert-channel","display_name":"Covert channel","score":0.7044159173965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6918349266052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phy","display_name":"PHY","score":0.5917803645133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.538715660572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5142123699188232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5040258765220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4951600134372711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4541652798652649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.36653614044189453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33497896790504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20227864384651184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.11357331275939941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09597459435462952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09041503071784973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07710796594619751}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.7284584045410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29024540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476964","display_name":"Covert channel","level":5,"score":0.7044159173965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6918349266052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.5917803645133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.538715660572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5142123699188232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5040258765220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4951600134372711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4541652798652649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.36653614044189453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33497896790504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20227864384651184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.11357331275939941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09597459435462952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09041503071784973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07710796594619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocomwkshps50562.2020.9163002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocomwkshps50562.2020.9163002","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2020 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/105528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/105528","pdf_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/105528/1/Hou_Demo_Abstract_Clora-A.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/105528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/105528","pdf_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/105528/1/Hou_Demo_Abstract_Clora-A.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2363909597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"152165/19E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2541514358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702437","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2702356746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3048366093.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3048366093.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2558305529","https://openalex.org/W6730505117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2409612194","https://openalex.org/W4224042389","https://openalex.org/W2945523224","https://openalex.org/W4313639042","https://openalex.org/W174282171","https://openalex.org/W20460883","https://openalex.org/W2444418218","https://openalex.org/W2727597159","https://openalex.org/W4241709719","https://openalex.org/W2514934301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LoRa":[0,25,29,98],"adopts":[1],"a":[2,47,57,67,70,74,106,114],"unique":[3],"modulation":[4,58,115],"scheme":[5,59,116],"(chirp":[6],"spread":[7],"spectrum":[8],"(CSS))":[9],"to":[10,27,61,104,118],"enable":[11],"long":[12],"range":[13],"communication":[14],"at":[15],"low":[16],"power":[17],"consumption.":[18],"CSS":[19],"uses":[20],"the":[21,97],"initial":[22],"frequencies":[23],"of":[24],"chirps":[26],"differentiate":[28],"symbols,":[30],"while":[31],"simply":[32],"ignoring":[33],"other":[34],"RF":[35],"parameters":[36],"(e.g.,":[37],"amplitude":[38],"and":[39,73],"phase).":[40],"Driven":[41],"by":[42,52,109],"this":[43],"observation,":[44],"we":[45],"build":[46,105],"covert":[48,54,88,107,111],"channel":[49,108],"(named":[50],"CLoRa)":[51],"embedding":[53,110],"information":[55,89,112],"with":[56,66,113],"orthogonal":[60,117],"CSS.":[62,119],"We":[63],"implement":[64],"CLoRa":[65,85],"COTS":[68],"LoR":[69],"node":[71],"(Tx)":[72],"low-cost":[75],"receive-only":[76],"SDR":[77],"dongle":[78],"(Rx),":[79],"The":[80],"experiment":[81],"results":[82],"show":[83],"that":[84,96],"can":[86],"send":[87],"over":[90],"250":[91],"m.":[92],"This":[93],"demo":[94],"reveals":[95],"physical":[99],"layer":[100],"leaves":[101],"sufficient":[102],"room":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}