{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283217645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796932","title":"Ao<sup>2</sup>I: Minimizing Age of Outdated Information to Improve Freshness in Data Collection","display_name":"Ao<sup>2</sup>I: Minimizing Age of Outdated Information to Improve Freshness in Data Collection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283217645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796932","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796932","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2022 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669228","display_name":"Qingyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1487-7682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101399412","display_name":"Chengzhang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-0131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengzhang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059824798","display_name":"Y. Thomas Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3716-5768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Thomas Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001879281","display_name":"Wenjing Lou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-4623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjing Lou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027348774","display_name":"Jeffrey H. Reed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-1901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey H. Reed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech,Blacksburg,VA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007158362","display_name":"Sastry Kompella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7696-6213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sastry Kompella","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Naval Research Laboratory,Washington, DC,USA","U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory,Washington, DC,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98842427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1359","last_page":"1368"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10300","display_name":"Congenital Heart Disease Studies","score":0.9642000198364258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14393","display_name":"Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging","score":0.957099974155426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6957274079322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5689454078674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5675176382064819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-shop-scheduling","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","score":0.4117172956466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3910198211669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3630373477935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3493373990058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28330886363983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.14883846044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12017256021499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09711533784866333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6957274079322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5689454078674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5675176382064819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4117172956466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3910198211669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3630373477935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3493373990058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28330886363983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.14883846044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12017256021499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09711533784866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796932","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796932","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2022 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993918491","https://openalex.org/W2128466234","https://openalex.org/W2146487252","https://openalex.org/W2215882716","https://openalex.org/W2733656312","https://openalex.org/W2791249258","https://openalex.org/W2791487310","https://openalex.org/W2809579289","https://openalex.org/W2886359150","https://openalex.org/W2887762842","https://openalex.org/W2903529520","https://openalex.org/W2919776980","https://openalex.org/W2945729351","https://openalex.org/W2946297939","https://openalex.org/W2949681263","https://openalex.org/W2951452709","https://openalex.org/W2963053102","https://openalex.org/W2963782453","https://openalex.org/W2964042464","https://openalex.org/W2964065984","https://openalex.org/W2964250104","https://openalex.org/W2971937201","https://openalex.org/W2977115579","https://openalex.org/W2982421208","https://openalex.org/W2989115619","https://openalex.org/W3008803558","https://openalex.org/W3022286655","https://openalex.org/W3041291604","https://openalex.org/W3047043147","https://openalex.org/W3048471005","https://openalex.org/W3103678069","https://openalex.org/W3116067625","https://openalex.org/W3154661073","https://openalex.org/W3155268064","https://openalex.org/W3197240729","https://openalex.org/W3214428327","https://openalex.org/W4226370802","https://openalex.org/W6632257669","https://openalex.org/W6740846579"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W3172150420","https://openalex.org/W2317200988","https://openalex.org/W2509452605","https://openalex.org/W2112121444","https://openalex.org/W2148608945","https://openalex.org/W3112689649","https://openalex.org/W2998357381","https://openalex.org/W3204654320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"it":[1],"has":[2,37],"been":[3,38],"recognized":[4],"that":[5,84,122,143,151],"there":[6],"is":[7,100,147,157],"a":[8,62,76,106],"serious":[9],"limitation":[10],"with":[11,46,129],"the":[12,81,103,113,118,130,144,152],"original":[13],"Age":[14,32,51],"of":[15,21,25,33,52,98,105,115,117],"Information":[16,35,54],"(AoI)":[17],"metric":[18,45,111,135],"in":[19,68,112],"terms":[20],"quantifying":[22],"true":[23],"freshness":[24],"information":[26],"content.":[27],"A":[28],"new":[29,44],"metric,":[30],"called":[31],"Incorrect":[34],"(AoII),":[36],"proposed.":[39],"By":[40],"further":[41],"refining":[42],"this":[43,58],"practical":[47],"considerations,":[48],"we":[49,60,90,141],"introduce":[50],"Outdated":[53],"(Ao2I)":[55],"metric.":[56],"In":[57],"paper,":[59],"investigate":[61],"scheduling":[63,109,133],"problem":[64],"for":[65,80],"minimizing":[66],"Ao2I":[67,83,153],"an":[69],"IoT":[70],"data":[71],"collection":[72],"network.":[73],"We":[74,120],"derive":[75],"theoretical":[77],"lower":[78,145],"bound":[79,146],"minimum":[82],"any":[85],"scheduler":[86],"can":[87],"achieve.":[88],"Then":[89],"present":[91],"Heh\u2014a":[92],"low-complexity":[93],"online":[94],"scheduler.":[95],"The":[96],"design":[97],"Heh":[99,156],"based":[101],"on":[102],"estimation":[104],"novel":[107],"offline":[108,132],"priority":[110,134],"absence":[114],"knowledge":[116],"future.":[119],"prove":[121],"at":[123],"each":[124],"time,":[125],"transmitting":[126],"one":[127],"source":[128],"largest":[131],"minimizes":[136],"Ao2I.":[137],"Through":[138],"extensive":[139],"simulations,":[140],"show":[142],"very":[148],"tight":[149],"and":[150],"obtained":[154],"by":[155],"close-to-optimal.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
