{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283204284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796905","title":"Can We Obtain Fine-grained Heartbeat Waveform via Contact-free RF-sensing?","display_name":"Can We Obtain Fine-grained Heartbeat Waveform via Contact-free RF-sensing?","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283204284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796905"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2022 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101904355","display_name":"Shujie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9109-8917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shujie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Singapore","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030635624","display_name":"Tianyue Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2826-6498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyue Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Singapore","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100656819","display_name":"Zhe Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3215-2696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100070","display_name":"Guangzhou Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0114hcc46","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute,Guangzhou,China","China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute,Guangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081222445","display_name":"Jun Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7036-5158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Singapore","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1759","last_page":"1768"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10924","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heartbeat","display_name":"Heartbeat","score":0.9458021521568298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.7791503667831421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6710801720619202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5164294838905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47813236713409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.46100565791130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.42218542098999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.37431973218917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3671725392341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16345182061195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1425808072090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10059255361557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08699455857276917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13852961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021880","display_name":"Heartbeat","level":2,"score":0.9458021521568298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.7791503667831421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6710801720619202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5164294838905334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47813236713409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.46100565791130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.42218542098999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37431973218917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3671725392341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16345182061195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1425808072090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10059255361557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08699455857276917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom48880.2022.9796905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2022 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1894623711","https://openalex.org/W1928278792","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1965555277","https://openalex.org/W1977986674","https://openalex.org/W2000982976","https://openalex.org/W2040884695","https://openalex.org/W2049259861","https://openalex.org/W2065726711","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2090269566","https://openalex.org/W2094903560","https://openalex.org/W2120390927","https://openalex.org/W2134639649","https://openalex.org/W2156387975","https://openalex.org/W2225156818","https://openalex.org/W2247575651","https://openalex.org/W2293078015","https://openalex.org/W2341513495","https://openalex.org/W2481797699","https://openalex.org/W2609758525","https://openalex.org/W2618167481","https://openalex.org/W2762561030","https://openalex.org/W2770977049","https://openalex.org/W2783985400","https://openalex.org/W2793102850","https://openalex.org/W2805923678","https://openalex.org/W2884613329","https://openalex.org/W2888111194","https://openalex.org/W2898864956","https://openalex.org/W2945055642","https://openalex.org/W2953236873","https://openalex.org/W2962935966","https://openalex.org/W2963141945","https://openalex.org/W2963433879","https://openalex.org/W2980129709","https://openalex.org/W2986906199","https://openalex.org/W3001968249","https://openalex.org/W3034366997","https://openalex.org/W3048640785","https://openalex.org/W3109228974","https://openalex.org/W3127421685","https://openalex.org/W3138482100","https://openalex.org/W3207984187","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6682889407","https://openalex.org/W6738884980","https://openalex.org/W6753371218","https://openalex.org/W6781650439"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385543909","https://openalex.org/W3039320222","https://openalex.org/W3199640442","https://openalex.org/W1898280036","https://openalex.org/W2315807364","https://openalex.org/W2382278803","https://openalex.org/W2376695684","https://openalex.org/W2803040299","https://openalex.org/W2034075638","https://openalex.org/W2348795485"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contact-free":[0],"vital-signs":[1],"monitoring":[2,29],"enabled":[3],"by":[4,79,189],"radio":[5],"frequency":[6],"(RF)":[7],"sensing":[8],"is":[9,43,58,186],"gaining":[10],"increasing":[11],"attention,":[12],"thanks":[13],"to":[14,71,94],"its":[15],"non-intrusiveness,":[16],"noise-resistance,":[17],"and":[18,48,127,165,195],"low":[19],"cost.":[20],"Whereas":[21],"most":[22],"of":[23,137,146,161,169],"these":[24,106],"systems":[25],"only":[26],"perform":[27],"respiration":[28,47,126],"or":[30],"retrieve":[31],"heart":[32],"rate,":[33],"few":[34],"can":[35,84,129],"recover":[36,95],"fine-grained":[37,179],"heartbeat":[38,49,82,96,128,180],"waveform.":[39],"The":[40],"major":[41],"reason":[42],"that,":[44],"though":[45],"both":[46],"cause":[50],"detectable":[51],"micro-motions":[52],"on":[53],"human":[54],"bodies,":[55],"the":[56,64,73,76,123,135,144,157,166],"former":[57],"so":[59],"strong":[60],"that":[61,105],"it":[62],"overwhelms":[63],"latter.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67,185],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,142],"aim":[70],"answer":[72],"question":[74],"in":[75,177],"paper":[77],"title,":[78],"demystifying":[80],"how":[81],"waveform":[83,97,181],"be":[85,130],"extracted":[86],"from":[87,98,182],"RF-sensing":[88,183],"signal.":[89],"Applying":[90],"several":[91],"mainstream":[92],"methods":[93,107],"raw":[99],"RF":[100],"signal,":[101],"our":[102,190],"results":[103],"reveal":[104],"may":[108],"not":[109],"achieve":[110],"what":[111],"they":[112,117],"have":[113],"claimed,":[114],"mainly":[115],"because":[116],"assume":[118],"linear":[119],"signal":[120,140],"mixing":[121],"whereas":[122],"composition":[124],"between":[125],"highly":[131],"nonlinear.":[132],"To":[133],"overcome":[134],"difficulty":[136],"decomposing":[138],"nonlinear":[139],"mixing,":[141],"leverage":[143],"power":[145],"a":[147,174],"novel":[148],"deep":[149,162],"generative":[150,167],"model":[151],"termed":[152],"variational":[153,170],"encoder-decoder":[154],"(VED).":[155],"Exploiting":[156],"universal":[158],"approximation":[159],"ability":[160],"neural":[163],"networks":[164],"potential":[168],"inference,":[171],"VED":[172],"demonstrates":[173],"promising":[175],"capability":[176],"recovering":[178],"signal;":[184],"firmly":[187],"validated":[188],"experiments":[191],"with":[192],"12":[193],"subjects":[194],"48-hour":[196],"data.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
