{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3154418849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom42981.2021.9488701","title":"Tailored Learning-Based Scheduling for Kubernetes-Oriented Edge-Cloud System","display_name":"Tailored Learning-Based Scheduling for Kubernetes-Oriented Edge-Cloud System","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3154418849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom42981.2021.9488701","mag":"3154418849"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom42981.2021.9488701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom42981.2021.9488701","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046729396","display_name":"Yiwen Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-4701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwen Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin,China","TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053962492","display_name":"Shihao Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1012-1028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihao Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin,China","TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363470","display_name":"Xiaofei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-1030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin,China","TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TANKLab, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100443968","display_name":"Shiqiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-5512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen University,College of Computer Science and Software Engineering,Shenzhen,China","College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen University,College of Computer Science and Software Engineering,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035919267","display_name":"Victor C. M. Leung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-2640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor C.M. Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen University,College of Computer Science and Software Engineering,Shenzhen,China","the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen University,College of Computer Science and Software Engineering,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8615105748176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.7641786336898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7059671878814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6580615639686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.5472755432128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.48103979229927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-level-scheduling","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","score":0.4319925010204315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/round-robin-scheduling","display_name":"Round-robin scheduling","score":0.41189679503440857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.285194993019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.16069287061691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08527928590774536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8615105748176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.7641786336898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7059671878814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6580615639686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.5472755432128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.48103979229927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119948110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7858726","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","level":4,"score":0.4319925010204315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175893541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196582","display_name":"Round-robin scheduling","level":4,"score":0.41189679503440857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.285194993019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.16069287061691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08527928590774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom42981.2021.9488701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom42981.2021.9488701","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W2099618002","https://openalex.org/W2108682071","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2165150801","https://openalex.org/W2173248099","https://openalex.org/W2195423816","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2290712622","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2572234696","https://openalex.org/W2762456226","https://openalex.org/W2899071864","https://openalex.org/W2913871603","https://openalex.org/W2918335825","https://openalex.org/W2919603306","https://openalex.org/W2962814013","https://openalex.org/W2963864421","https://openalex.org/W2967180176","https://openalex.org/W2979918265","https://openalex.org/W2980789769","https://openalex.org/W3011667710","https://openalex.org/W3016764502","https://openalex.org/W3021193956","https://openalex.org/W3047040155","https://openalex.org/W3047266715","https://openalex.org/W3098486933","https://openalex.org/W4302570325","https://openalex.org/W6676023451","https://openalex.org/W6684205842","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6731982058","https://openalex.org/W6756009870"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184166483","https://openalex.org/W2225350526","https://openalex.org/W1545991362","https://openalex.org/W4386128920","https://openalex.org/W2372008037","https://openalex.org/W4386580182","https://openalex.org/W4386764057","https://openalex.org/W2397293317","https://openalex.org/W2106332846","https://openalex.org/W2978148977"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Kubernetes":[0],"(k8s)":[1],"has":[2],"the":[3,7,11,23,30,38,64,90,112,121,143,148,182],"potential":[4],"to":[5,62,79,81,105,119,134,196],"merge":[6],"distributed":[8],"edge":[9,91],"and":[10,29,35,40,85,98,110,138,141,175],"cloud":[12],"but":[13],"lacks":[14],"a":[15,54,74,130],"scheduling":[16,41,56,132,168,191],"framework":[17,57],"specifically":[18],"for":[19,58,94],"edge-cloud":[20,44,60],"systems.":[21],"Besides,":[22],"hierarchical":[24],"distribution":[25],"of":[26,42,68,146,171],"heterogeneous":[27],"resources":[28,36],"complex":[31],"dependencies":[32],"among":[33],"requests":[34],"make":[37],"modeling":[39],"k8s-oriented":[43],"systems":[45,61],"particularly":[46],"sophisticated.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"we":[51,72,100,128],"introduce":[52],"KaiS,":[53],"learning-based":[55],"such":[59],"improve":[63],"long-term":[65],"throughput":[66,185],"rate":[67,186],"request":[69,83,136,172],"processing.":[70],"First,":[71],"design":[73,145],"coordinated":[75],"multi-agent":[76],"actor-critic":[77],"algorithm":[78],"cater":[80],"decentralized":[82],"dispatch":[84,87,137],"dynamic":[86],"spaces":[88],"within":[89],"cluster.":[92],"Second,":[93],"diverse":[95],"system":[96,107,176,184],"scales":[97],"structures,":[99],"use":[101],"graph":[102],"neural":[103],"networks":[104,118],"embed":[106],"state":[108],"information,":[109],"combine":[111],"embedding":[113],"results":[114],"with":[115,152],"multiple":[116],"policy":[117],"reduce":[120],"orchestration":[122],"dimensionality":[123],"by":[124,187,193],"stepwise":[125],"scheduling.":[126],"Finally,":[127],"adopt":[129],"two-time-scale":[131],"mechanism":[133],"harmonize":[135],"service":[139],"orchestration,":[140],"present":[142],"implementation":[144],"deploying":[147],"above":[149],"algorithms":[150],"compatible":[151],"native":[153],"k8s":[154],"components.":[155],"Experiments":[156],"using":[157],"real":[158],"workload":[159],"traces":[160],"show":[161],"that":[162],"KaiS":[163,179],"can":[164,180],"successfully":[165],"learn":[166],"appropriate":[167],"policies,":[169],"irrespective":[170],"arrival":[173],"patterns":[174],"scales.":[177],"Moreover,":[178],"enhance":[181],"average":[183],"14.3%":[188],"while":[189],"reducing":[190],"cost":[192],"34.7%":[194],"compared":[195],"baselines.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
