{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047449092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom41043.2020.9155385","title":"EncELC: Hardening and Enriching Ethereum Light Clients with Trusted Enclaves","display_name":"EncELC: Hardening and Enriching Ethereum Light Clients with Trusted Enclaves","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047449092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom41043.2020.9155385","mag":"3047449092"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom41043.2020.9155385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom41043.2020.9155385","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2020 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060364496","display_name":"Chengjun Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8045-4226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengjun Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100781026","display_name":"Lei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-6640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056113333","display_name":"Anxin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1982-6200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anxin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103214477","display_name":"Ruochen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2338-5444"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruochen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100390514","display_name":"Cong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0547-315X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391116","display_name":"Qian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-8525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5064,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9164627,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1887","last_page":"1896"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.9469205141067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7793704271316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.7164648771286011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-point-of-failure","display_name":"Single point of failure","score":0.5829137563705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5771583914756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.4988832473754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-analysis","display_name":"Security analysis","score":0.42268872261047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-processing","display_name":"Transaction processing","score":0.42260026931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.31788620352745056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2767373025417328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2402876913547516}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.9469205141067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7793704271316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.7164648771286011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.5829137563705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5771583914756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4988832473754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.42268872261047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72108876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844565","display_name":"Transaction processing","level":3,"score":0.42260026931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.31788620352745056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2767373025417328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2402876913547516}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infocom41043.2020.9155385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom41043.2020.9155385","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2020 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502708590","https://openalex.org/W1664413462","https://openalex.org/W1820210258","https://openalex.org/W1878874188","https://openalex.org/W1988374166","https://openalex.org/W2033165262","https://openalex.org/W2073346043","https://openalex.org/W2081086981","https://openalex.org/W2103863878","https://openalex.org/W2158259254","https://openalex.org/W2317153729","https://openalex.org/W2397423248","https://openalex.org/W2401976587","https://openalex.org/W2517744317","https://openalex.org/W2533941064","https://openalex.org/W2599536137","https://openalex.org/W2599541228","https://openalex.org/W2789671978","https://openalex.org/W2790225875","https://openalex.org/W2792900670","https://openalex.org/W2794676020","https://openalex.org/W2794926610","https://openalex.org/W2808472310","https://openalex.org/W2890041023","https://openalex.org/W2898893210","https://openalex.org/W2903368601","https://openalex.org/W2920126279","https://openalex.org/W2950042958","https://openalex.org/W2950226614","https://openalex.org/W2952570284","https://openalex.org/W2963114880","https://openalex.org/W2979367720","https://openalex.org/W3102661748","https://openalex.org/W3145831989","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4300127641","https://openalex.org/W6637116351","https://openalex.org/W6699510422","https://openalex.org/W6712237015","https://openalex.org/W6749691773","https://openalex.org/W6755481866","https://openalex.org/W6756598538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2363110500","https://openalex.org/W2371295991","https://openalex.org/W2385369652","https://openalex.org/W2143226912","https://openalex.org/W2158759608","https://openalex.org/W2403667029","https://openalex.org/W2387697730","https://openalex.org/W2162723797","https://openalex.org/W2349862564","https://openalex.org/W4250256557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,36,63,69,79,183,200],"Ethereum":[4,103,122,138],"blockchain":[5,37,71,92],"has":[6],"brought":[7],"extremely":[8],"heavy":[9],"overhead":[10],"for":[11,45,96,101,130,151],"coin":[12],"owners":[13],"or":[14],"developers":[15],"to":[16,86,107,167],"bootstrap":[17],"and":[18,39,66,111,132,157,163,171,175,185,193],"access":[19,72],"transactions":[20],"on":[21,41],"Ethereum.":[22],"To":[23],"address":[24],"this,":[25],"light":[26,123],"client":[27,124],"is":[28],"enabled,":[29],"which":[30],"only":[31],"stores":[32],"a":[33,120,148,181],"small":[34],"fraction":[35],"data":[38],"relies":[40],"bootstrapped":[42],"full":[43],"nodes":[44],"transaction":[46,113],"retrievals.":[47],"However,":[48],"because":[49],"the":[50,61,67,76,89,102,137,194,198],"retrieval":[51],"requests":[52],"are":[53],"outsourced,":[54],"it":[55],"raises":[56],"several":[57,160,190],"severe":[58],"concerns":[59],"about":[60],"integrity":[62],"returned":[64],"results":[65,195],"leakage":[68],"sensitive":[70],"histories,":[73],"largely":[74],"hindering":[75],"wider":[77],"adoption":[78],"this":[80,115],"important":[81],"lightweight":[82],"design.":[83],"In":[84],"addition":[85],"security":[87,164],"issues,":[88],"continuously":[90],"increasing":[91],"storage":[93],"also":[94],"urges":[95],"more":[97,109],"effective":[98],"query":[99,169],"functionalities":[100],"blockchain,":[104],"so":[105],"as":[106,147],"enable":[108],"flexible":[110],"precise":[112],"retrievals.In":[114],"paper,":[116],"we":[117],"propose":[118],"EncELC,":[119],"new":[121],"design":[125],"that":[126],"enforces":[127],"full-fledged":[128],"protections":[129],"clients":[131],"enables":[133],"rich":[134],"queries":[135],"over":[136],"blockchain.":[139],"EncELC":[140,184],"leverages":[141],"trusted":[142],"hardware":[143],"(e.g.,":[144],"Intel":[145],"SGX)":[146],"starting":[149],"point":[150],"building":[152],"efficient":[153],"yet":[154],"secure":[155],"processing,":[156],"further":[158],"crafts":[159],"crucial":[161],"performance":[162,188],"refinement":[165],"designs":[166],"boost":[168],"efficiency":[170],"conceal":[172],"leakages":[173],"inside":[174],"outside":[176],"SGX":[177],"enclave.":[178],"We":[179],"implement":[180],"prototype":[182],"test":[186],"its":[187],"in":[189],"real":[191],"settings,":[192],"have":[196],"confirmed":[197],"practicality":[199],"EncELC.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}