{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126477936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infcom.2011.5934929","title":"Fast and scalable secret key generation exploiting channel phase randomness in wireless networks","display_name":"Fast and scalable secret key generation exploiting channel phase randomness in wireless networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126477936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infcom.2011.5934929","mag":"2126477936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/infcom.2011.5934929","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infcom.2011.5934929","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391116","display_name":"Qian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-8525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 60616, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 60616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108436833","display_name":"Hai Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 60616, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 60616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000596496","display_name":"Kui Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3441-6277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kui Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 60616, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 60616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102956515","display_name":"Kwangjo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5878-1514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwangjo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CS, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","Department of CS, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-732, Republic of Korea, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CS, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CS, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-732, Republic of Korea, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100391116"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.037,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":253,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99129383,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1422","last_page":"1430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8406344652175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-generation","display_name":"Key generation","score":0.7882839441299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5383032560348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5175023078918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.49060049653053284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.48223599791526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4451594650745392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.423669695854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.4222612679004669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4196714162826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33829569816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.24176183342933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15423858165740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13972869515419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.12113866209983826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8406344652175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.7882839441299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5383032560348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5175023078918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.49060049653053284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.48223599791526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4451594650745392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.423669695854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.4222612679004669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4196714162826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33829569816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.24176183342933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15423858165740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13972869515419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.12113866209983826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/infcom.2011.5934929","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/infcom.2011.5934929","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1517403092","https://openalex.org/W2001188690","https://openalex.org/W2011582944","https://openalex.org/W2042460777","https://openalex.org/W2054496355","https://openalex.org/W2060868854","https://openalex.org/W2097079400","https://openalex.org/W2102187818","https://openalex.org/W2110395783","https://openalex.org/W2146813141","https://openalex.org/W2156186849","https://openalex.org/W2610335499","https://openalex.org/W6674657379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364921833","https://openalex.org/W2385146268","https://openalex.org/W1919042217","https://openalex.org/W2380023786","https://openalex.org/W2546696010","https://openalex.org/W1992741870","https://openalex.org/W2027487876","https://openalex.org/W4320900797","https://openalex.org/W2262589441","https://openalex.org/W2802647245"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2,38],"been":[3,27],"great":[4],"interest":[5],"in":[6,72,107],"physical":[7],"layer":[8],"security":[9],"techniques":[10],"that":[11,117,215],"exploit":[12],"the":[13,49,69,80,119,164,180,229],"randomness":[14],"of":[15,124,152,182,185,193,238,240],"wireless":[16],"channels":[17],"for":[18,31,41,101],"securely":[19],"extracting":[20],"cryptographic":[21,130],"keys.":[22],"Several":[23],"interesting":[24],"approaches":[25,58,77],"have":[26],"developed":[28],"and":[29,82,97,173,208,226],"demonstrated":[30],"their":[32,43,65],"feasibility.":[33],"The":[34,137,167,199],"state-of-the-art,":[35],"however,":[36],"still":[37],"much":[39],"room":[40],"improving":[42],"practicality.":[44],"This":[45],"is":[46,59,202,223],"because":[47,175],"i)":[48],"key":[50,95,114,143,219,231],"bit":[51,144,232],"generation":[52,96,115,145,233],"rate":[53,146,234],"supported":[54],"by":[55,235],"most":[56],"existing":[57,76,213],"very":[60],"low":[61],"which":[62,189],"significantly":[63],"limits":[64],"practical":[66],"usage":[67],"given":[68],"intermittent":[70],"connectivity":[71],"mobile":[73],"environments;":[74],"ii)":[75],"suffer":[78],"from":[79],"scalability":[81,172],"flexibility":[83,174],"issues,":[84],"i.e.,":[85],"they":[86],"cannot":[87],"be":[88],"directly":[89],"extended":[90],"to":[91,127,148,212],"support":[92],"efficient":[93,150],"group":[94],"do":[98],"not":[99],"suit":[100],"static":[102],"environments.":[103],"With":[104],"these":[105],"observations":[106],"mind,":[108],"we":[109],"present":[110],"a":[111,141,158,236],"new":[112],"secret":[113],"approach":[116,139,169,222],"utilizes":[118],"uniformly":[120],"distributed":[121],"phase":[122,155],"information":[123,156],"channel":[125,194],"responses":[126],"extract":[128],"shared":[129],"keys":[131],"under":[132],"narrowband":[133],"multipath":[134],"fading":[135],"models.":[136],"proposed":[138,168,200],"enjoys":[140],"high":[142],"due":[147],"its":[149],"introduction":[151],"multiple":[153,197],"randomized":[154],"within":[157],"single":[159],"coherence":[160],"time":[161],"interval":[162],"as":[163],"keying":[165],"sources.":[166],"also":[170],"provides":[171],"it":[176],"relies":[177],"only":[178],"on":[179,217],"transmission":[181],"periodical":[183],"extensions":[184],"unmodulated":[186],"sinusoidal":[187],"beacons,":[188],"allows":[190],"effective":[191],"accumulation":[192],"phases":[195],"across":[196],"nodes.":[198],"scheme":[201],"thoroughly":[203],"evaluated":[204],"through":[205],"both":[206],"analytical":[207,230],"simulation":[209],"studies.":[210],"Compared":[211],"work":[214],"focus":[216],"pairwise":[218],"generation,":[220],"our":[221],"highly":[224],"scalable":[225],"can":[227],"improve":[228],"couple":[237],"orders":[239],"magnitude.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
