{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118850639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin64977.2025.11279647","title":"Performance Analysis of BDS Single-Epoch Triple-Frequency Vehicle-Borne RTK under Complex Urban Scenarios","display_name":"Performance Analysis of BDS Single-Epoch Triple-Frequency Vehicle-Borne RTK under Complex Urban Scenarios","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118850639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin64977.2025.11279647"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin64977.2025.11279647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin64977.2025.11279647","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001830307","display_name":"Tuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-9077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117825","display_name":"Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjnsn63","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117825"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology,Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences,Beijing,China,100181"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology,Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences,Beijing,China,100181","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117825","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122044060","display_name":"Xiangdong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangdong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122267612","display_name":"Yuhao Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126065","display_name":"Shanghai Electric (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0314qy595","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Communication Company of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company,Chengdu,China,610041"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Communication Company of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company,Chengdu,China,610041","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121994440","display_name":"Zhigang Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121997583","display_name":"Ning Fu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122245290","display_name":"Jun Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Information &#x0026; Telecommunication Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,102211","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73551342,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.6902999877929688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.6902999877929688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.27549999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-resolution","display_name":"Ambiguity resolution","score":0.8083999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.6969000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-kinematic","display_name":"Real Time Kinematic","score":0.5511999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.49959999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.4936000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.40470001101493835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777559092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4741445","display_name":"Ambiguity resolution","level":4,"score":0.8083999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6969000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6186000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93103318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980965","display_name":"Real Time Kinematic","level":4,"score":0.5511999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.49959999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.4936000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4652999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.40470001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777783341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857141","display_name":"BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","level":4,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020199158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"High resolution","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.26100000739097595}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin64977.2025.11279647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin64977.2025.11279647","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.851691722869873,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335967","display_name":"Science and Technology Project of State Grid","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008011807","https://openalex.org/W2022871427","https://openalex.org/W2579951222","https://openalex.org/W2883557931","https://openalex.org/W2919576603","https://openalex.org/W2922457702","https://openalex.org/W3036784378","https://openalex.org/W3044974074","https://openalex.org/W3047123249","https://openalex.org/W3112519502","https://openalex.org/W3113260600","https://openalex.org/W3146896606","https://openalex.org/W3169240906","https://openalex.org/W4210735705","https://openalex.org/W4287877695","https://openalex.org/W4376136859","https://openalex.org/W4379116806","https://openalex.org/W4385299544","https://openalex.org/W4386457002","https://openalex.org/W4388139690","https://openalex.org/W4392719578","https://openalex.org/W4394011094","https://openalex.org/W4395661502"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vehicle-borne":[0],"positioning":[1,53,82,88],"in":[2,55,89,96],"urban":[3,57,90,98],"environments":[4],"is":[5,20,122],"a":[6,62],"crucial":[7],"application":[8],"scenario":[9],"of":[10,32,43,84,103,119],"the":[11,41,78,100,111,126],"BeiDou":[12],"Real-Time":[13],"Kinematic":[14],"(RTK)":[15],"technique.":[16],"However,":[17],"its":[18],"performance":[19,54,83],"often":[21],"affected":[22],"by":[23,110],"signal":[24],"interruptions":[25],"and":[26,35,71,81,131,140],"ambiguity":[27,48,79,102,127],"resolution":[28,80,128],"failures.":[29],"The":[30,92,115],"integration":[31],"BeiDou-3":[33],"(BDS-3)":[34],"BeiDou-2":[36],"(BDS-2)":[37],"will":[38],"significantly":[39,136],"increase":[40],"number":[42],"available":[44],"satellites":[45,73,105],"with":[46,65],"improved":[47,137],"resolution,":[49],"thereby":[50],"enhancing":[51],"high-precision":[52],"complex":[56,97],"environments.":[58,91],"In":[59],"this":[60],"work,":[61],"vehicle-borne":[63],"experiment":[64],"collected":[66],"triple-frequency":[67,86],"observations":[68],"from":[69],"BDS-2":[70,120,139],"BDS-3":[72,141],"were":[74],"utilized":[75],"to":[76],"evaluate":[77],"single-epoch":[85],"RTK":[87],"results":[93],"indicate":[94],"that":[95],"environments,":[99],"extra-wide-lane":[101],"certain":[104],"cannot":[106],"be":[107],"correctly":[108],"resolved":[109],"integer":[112],"rounding":[113],"methods.":[114],"centimeter-level":[116,132],"positional":[117,133],"availability":[118,134],"alone":[121],"relatively":[123],"low,":[124],"whereas":[125],"success":[129],"rate":[130],"are":[135,143],"when":[138],"signals":[142],"integrated.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-01-08T00:00:00"}
