{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003306007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin41052.2019.8972303","title":"Fault Classification in Wind Turbines Using Principal Component Analysis Technique","display_name":"Fault Classification in Wind Turbines Using Principal Component Analysis Technique","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003306007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin41052.2019.8972303","mag":"3003306007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin41052.2019.8972303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin41052.2019.8972303","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 17th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015764195","display_name":"Yichuan Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8543-3355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yichuan Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Northumbria at Newcastle,Department of Mathematics,Newcastle upon Tyne,United Kingdom,NE1 8ST","Department of Mathematics, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Northumbria at Newcastle,Department of Mathematics,Newcastle upon Tyne,United Kingdom,NE1 8ST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101401615","display_name":"Yuanhong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-6913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921716337","display_name":"Northeast Petroleum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03net5943","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanhong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeast Petroleum University,School of Electrical Engineering and Information,Daqing,Heilongjiang,China,163318","School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Petroleum University,School of Electrical Engineering and Information,Daqing,Heilongjiang,China,163318","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002055009","display_name":"Zhiwei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-3288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Northumbria at Newcastle,Department of Mathematics,Newcastle upon Tyne,United Kingdom,NE1 8ST","Department of Mathematics, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Northumbria at Newcastle,Department of Mathematics,Newcastle upon Tyne,United Kingdom,NE1 8ST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015764195"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8316,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75050717,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1303","last_page":"1308"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.8315089344978333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.6657091975212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5960674285888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5286686420440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4850429892539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3770766258239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2855610251426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.28500962257385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21661165356636047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.15240105986595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08611881732940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.06300017237663269}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.8315089344978333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.6657091975212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5960674285888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5286686420440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4850429892539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3770766258239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2855610251426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.28500962257385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21661165356636047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.15240105986595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08611881732940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.06300017237663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin41052.2019.8972303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin41052.2019.8972303","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 17th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W156131447","https://openalex.org/W262970172","https://openalex.org/W1130732523","https://openalex.org/W1275326777","https://openalex.org/W1555148682","https://openalex.org/W1597576211","https://openalex.org/W1790534215","https://openalex.org/W1821148229","https://openalex.org/W1970537494","https://openalex.org/W2001141328","https://openalex.org/W2008968845","https://openalex.org/W2013849106","https://openalex.org/W2015314455","https://openalex.org/W2042881888","https://openalex.org/W2053186076","https://openalex.org/W2100028154","https://openalex.org/W2118527389","https://openalex.org/W2154872931","https://openalex.org/W2158958729","https://openalex.org/W2263449654","https://openalex.org/W2290128307","https://openalex.org/W2333954856","https://openalex.org/W2345325038","https://openalex.org/W2410441118","https://openalex.org/W2418912992","https://openalex.org/W2494112937","https://openalex.org/W2759373267","https://openalex.org/W2766594298","https://openalex.org/W4239811576","https://openalex.org/W4248944809","https://openalex.org/W6682644385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379533788","https://openalex.org/W1980511770","https://openalex.org/W2373052636","https://openalex.org/W2011753777","https://openalex.org/W2052589448","https://openalex.org/W2364925730","https://openalex.org/W2031910971","https://openalex.org/W2544789064","https://openalex.org/W2066130158","https://openalex.org/W2354332871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,51],"this":[1,95],"study,":[2],"dimensionality":[3],"reduction":[4],"and":[5,40],"feature":[6],"extraction":[7],"techniques":[8],"are":[9,24,35,64],"applied":[10],"to":[11,53,66],"fault":[12,92],"classification":[13],"for":[14],"wind":[15,47,96],"turbine":[16,48,97],"systems":[17],"using":[18],"principal":[19],"component":[20],"analysis":[21],"(PCA).":[22],"Experimentations":[23],"performed":[25],"in":[26,44,94],"terms":[27],"of":[28,31,91],"two":[29,69],"topologies":[30],"faulty":[32,70],"datasets":[33],"which":[34],"respectively":[36],"actuator":[37],"effectiveness":[38],"loss":[39],"sinusoidal":[41],"fault,":[42],"occurring":[43],"a":[45],"4.8-MW":[46],"benchmark":[49,98],"system.":[50,99],"order":[52],"evaluate":[54],"the":[55,67,83],"PCA":[56,78],"technique,":[57],"additive":[58],"white":[59],"Gaussian":[60],"noise":[61],"(AWGN)":[62],"signals":[63],"introduced":[65],"aforementioned":[68],"conditions":[71],"respectively.":[72],"The":[73],"experimental":[74],"results":[75],"demonstrate":[76],"that":[77],"not":[79],"only":[80],"can":[81],"extract":[82],"significant":[84],"features":[85],"but":[86],"also":[87],"distinguish":[88],"different":[89],"types":[90],"effectively":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}