{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2894410856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2018.8471937","title":"Assessing the Consequence of Cyber and Physical Malicious Attacks in Complex, Cyber-Physical Systems During Early System Design","display_name":"Assessing the Consequence of Cyber and Physical Malicious Attacks in Complex, Cyber-Physical Systems During Early System Design","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2894410856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2018.8471937","mag":"2894410856"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin.2018.8471937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2018.8471937","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076756712","display_name":"Bryan M. OrHalloran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bryan M. OrHalloran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077743224","display_name":"Nikolaos Papakonstantinou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3012-5413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Papakonstantinou","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Technical Research Centre, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Technical Research Centre, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054969745","display_name":"Douglas L. Van Bossuyt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9910-371X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas L. Van Bossuyt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of System Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of System Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076756712"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1781,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85483588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"127","issue":null,"first_page":"733","last_page":"740"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.9247846603393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6882269382476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6692696213722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-threats","display_name":"Cyber threats","score":0.43502119183540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09716588258743286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.9247846603393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6882269382476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6692696213722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018725008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber threats","level":2,"score":0.43502119183540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09716588258743286}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin.2018.8471937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2018.8471937","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:calhoun.nps.edu:10945/63128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10945/63128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400952","display_name":"Calhoun: The Naval Postgraduate School Institutional Archive (Naval Postgraduate School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","host_organization_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526642555","https://openalex.org/W1967385589","https://openalex.org/W1972062587","https://openalex.org/W1972757409","https://openalex.org/W1975386041","https://openalex.org/W1976880037","https://openalex.org/W1989475195","https://openalex.org/W1991075247","https://openalex.org/W2026689394","https://openalex.org/W2039427951","https://openalex.org/W2056451850","https://openalex.org/W2057908780","https://openalex.org/W2086215840","https://openalex.org/W2091069417","https://openalex.org/W2094024136","https://openalex.org/W2099293367","https://openalex.org/W2106034715","https://openalex.org/W2109364787","https://openalex.org/W2112920805","https://openalex.org/W2142993476","https://openalex.org/W2146024157","https://openalex.org/W2315113356","https://openalex.org/W2525272565","https://openalex.org/W2541684818","https://openalex.org/W3189142755","https://openalex.org/W6727897796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2803684864","https://openalex.org/W3110311961","https://openalex.org/W4396897946","https://openalex.org/W3040950835","https://openalex.org/W4386107585","https://openalex.org/W2552246019","https://openalex.org/W2508779374","https://openalex.org/W4285815382","https://openalex.org/W4385452110","https://openalex.org/W4399917864"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,23,40,83],"research":[1,84],"contributes":[2],"to":[3,12,94,140,153,160,172,179,218,242],"the":[4,29,54,60,74,88,112,129,135,141,184,195,207,243,249],"lifecycle":[5],"assessment":[6,24,213],"of":[7,18,32,59,68,77,91,106,115,131,183,198,245],"complex":[8,97],"cyber-physical":[9],"systems":[10],"(CCPSs)":[11],"better":[13],"understand":[14],"and":[15,99],"mitigate":[16],"risks":[17,244],"malicious":[19,46,177,246],"attacks":[20,47,78,178,247],"through":[21,143],"design.":[22,222],"capability":[25],"is":[26,41,85,138,149,216],"proposed":[27],"during":[28,194,206,220],"early":[30,208],"phase":[31],"engineering":[33,199],"design":[34,130],"where":[35,134],"significant":[36,125,174],"decision-making":[37],"flexibility":[38],"exists.":[39],"done":[42],"by":[43,50,87],"assessing":[44],"potential":[45],"carried":[48],"out":[49],"humans":[51],"interacting":[52],"with":[53,176],"system":[55,137,162],"across":[56],"all":[57],"phases":[58,197],"system\u2019s":[61,250],"lifecycle.":[62,251],"We":[63,210],"propose":[64,211],"a":[65,80,144,155,173,192,228],"novel":[66],"quantification":[67],"an":[69,150,212,233],"attacker-centric":[70],"risk,":[71],"then":[72],"optimize":[73],"large":[75],"set":[76],"using":[79],"genetic":[81],"algorithm.":[82],"motivated":[86],"increased":[89,151],"vulnerability":[90],"CCPSs":[92,109],"due":[93],"their":[95],"increasingly":[96],"interconnected":[98],"digitally":[100],"connected":[101,139],"nature.":[102],"A":[103],"specific":[104,156],"area":[105],"interest":[107],"for":[108],"has":[110],"been":[111],"increasing":[113],"degree":[114],"connectedness.":[116],"For":[117],"example,":[118],"several":[119],"recent":[120],"federal":[121],"reports":[122],"indicate":[123],"that":[124],"risk":[126],"exists":[127],"in":[128],"commercial":[132],"aircraft":[133],"entertainment":[136],"avionics":[142],"central":[145],"network.":[146],"The":[147,236],"result":[148],"ability":[152],"attack":[154],"subsystem":[157],"or":[158],"component":[159],"produce":[161],"failure.":[163],"These":[164],"findings,":[165],"as":[166,168,232],"well":[167],"others,":[169],"have":[170],"led":[171],"concern":[175],"target":[180],"critical":[181],"components":[182],"CCPS.":[185,235],"While":[186],"assessments":[187],"can":[188],"be":[189],"performed":[190],"on":[191],"CCPS":[193],"later":[196],"design,":[200],"techniques":[201],"are":[202],"currently":[203],"not":[204],"available":[205],"phase.":[209],"technique":[214],"which":[215],"useful":[217,240],"practitioners":[219],"conceptual":[221],"In":[223],"this":[224],"research,":[225],"we":[226],"assess":[227],"nuclear":[229],"power":[230],"plant":[231],"example":[234],"resulting":[237],"methodology":[238],"provides":[239],"insight":[241],"throughout":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
