{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2769278868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2017.8104948","title":"A time-synchronized ZigBee building network for smart water management","display_name":"A time-synchronized ZigBee building network for smart water management","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2769278868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2017.8104948","mag":"2769278868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin.2017.8104948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2017.8104948","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27792","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021393970","display_name":"Chung Kit Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-6294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chung Kit Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057187503","display_name":"Hongxu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-7065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongxu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029853791","display_name":"Loi Lei Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-7931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Loi Lei Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong University of Technology, China","Guangdong University of Technology,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong University of Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077271124","display_name":"Anna S. F. Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-9135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna S. F. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wolfson School of Mechanical, Loughborough Universirty, U.K","[Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, U.K.]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wolfson School of Mechanical, Loughborough Universirty, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, U.K.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014556254","display_name":"Fengjun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4079-2228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengjun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kansas, Kansas, USA","University of Kansas Kansas USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kansas, Kansas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kansas Kansas USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037894365","display_name":"Kim Fung Tsang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-227X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Fung Tsang","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, HK","Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, HK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005238842","display_name":"Roy Kalawsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9023-8295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy Kalawsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wolfson School of Mechanical, Loughborough Universirty, U.K","[Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, U.K.]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wolfson School of Mechanical, Loughborough Universirty, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, U.K.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021393970"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74765681,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":null,"first_page":"1219","last_page":"1222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7213544249534607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5939347743988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5717878341674805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-synchronization","display_name":"Clock synchronization","score":0.5547964572906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5531062483787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5489838123321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packet-loss","display_name":"Packet loss","score":0.5204130411148071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5200600028038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.507834255695343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4955698251724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.4822703003883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.46629756689071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagation-delay","display_name":"Propagation delay","score":0.45196351408958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurfon","display_name":"NeuRFon","score":0.4291588068008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-time-protocol","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","score":0.4272804856300354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-delay","display_name":"Network delay","score":0.4271588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.37157946825027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.33384525775909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.31858018040657043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.20611396431922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16470792889595032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14754784107208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09663453698158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0713912844657898}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7213544249534607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5939347743988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5717878341674805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.5547964572906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5531062483787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5489838123321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54108766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391064","display_name":"Packet loss","level":3,"score":0.5204130411148071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5200600028038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.507834255695343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4955698251724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.4822703003883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.46629756689071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90806461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144416","display_name":"Propagation delay","level":2,"score":0.45196351408958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161691276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001363","display_name":"NeuRFon","level":5,"score":0.4291588068008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178148046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217491","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","level":3,"score":0.4272804856300354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152623178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q436417","display_name":"Network delay","level":3,"score":0.4271588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.37157946825027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.33384525775909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.31858018040657043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.20611396431922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16470792889595032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14754784107208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09663453698158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0713912844657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/indin.2017.8104948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/indin.2017.8104948","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/27792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401023","display_name":"Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE 15th International Conference of Industrial Informatics INDIN'2017","raw_type":"Conference Contribution"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/9546530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/A_time-synchronized_ZigBee_building_network_for_smart_water_management/9546530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"<dc:type>Conference contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/27792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401023","display_name":"Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE 15th International Conference of Industrial Informatics INDIN'2017","raw_type":"Conference Contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568096262","https://openalex.org/W1966124282","https://openalex.org/W1967939326","https://openalex.org/W1972708370","https://openalex.org/W1973944436","https://openalex.org/W1989590586","https://openalex.org/W1999121343","https://openalex.org/W2026099894","https://openalex.org/W2042173080","https://openalex.org/W2055434434","https://openalex.org/W2071618916","https://openalex.org/W2072148410","https://openalex.org/W2094245087","https://openalex.org/W2102969244","https://openalex.org/W2103849123","https://openalex.org/W2104806262","https://openalex.org/W2107609298","https://openalex.org/W2109318516","https://openalex.org/W2110898551","https://openalex.org/W2111075016","https://openalex.org/W2119514175","https://openalex.org/W2119866123","https://openalex.org/W2125300973","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2133341407","https://openalex.org/W2134730393","https://openalex.org/W2140634820","https://openalex.org/W2163713983","https://openalex.org/W2168702829","https://openalex.org/W2170505415","https://openalex.org/W2499367854"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975986148","https://openalex.org/W2378991426","https://openalex.org/W2107113623","https://openalex.org/W2368013616","https://openalex.org/W2592965047","https://openalex.org/W2382485549","https://openalex.org/W3217167909","https://openalex.org/W1913784304","https://openalex.org/W2392499726","https://openalex.org/W2090846544"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Water":[0],"management":[1],"is":[2,41,100,109,113],"an":[3],"important":[4],"issue":[5],"in":[6,63,77],"economics":[7],"and":[8,19,49,59,84,134],"environment.":[9],"Recently,":[10],"amount":[11],"of":[12,24,35,44],"water":[13,26,61,103],"control":[14,37],"system":[15],"has":[16],"been":[17],"proposed":[18,101],"developed.":[20],"For":[21],"the":[22,28,33,36,70,78,89,116,121,130],"type":[23],"intelligent":[25],"control,":[27],"related":[29,54],"parameters":[30,55],"will":[31,68,80],"be":[32,69],"input":[34],"system.":[38],"Hence,":[39],"there":[40],"a":[42,46],"need":[43],"developing":[45],"scalable,":[47],"flexible":[48],"reliable":[50],"sensor":[51],"network":[52,79,90,98],"for":[53,102],"monitoring.":[56],"To":[57],"install":[58],"replace":[60],"sensors":[62],"building":[64,97],"networks,":[65],"wireless":[66],"connection":[67],"first":[71],"priority.":[72],"However,":[73],"improper":[74],"time":[75,107],"synchronization":[76,108,132],"cause":[81],"packet":[82],"loss":[83],"long":[85],"latency":[86],"which":[87],"degrades":[88],"performance.":[91],"In":[92],"this":[93],"paper,":[94],"time-synchronized":[95],"ZigBee":[96],"(TS-ZBN)":[99],"management.":[104],"The":[105,111,125],"node-to-node":[106],"proposed.":[110],"concept":[112],"to":[114],"calculate":[115],"clock":[117],"difference":[118],"by":[119],"studying":[120],"propagation":[122],"delay":[123],"model.":[124],"simulation":[126],"result":[127],"shows":[128],"that":[129],"mean":[131],"error":[133],"variance":[135],"are":[136],"low.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}