{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416250364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11228074","title":"Complex-value Automatic Modulation Recognition via a Dual-channel Transformer","display_name":"Complex-value Automatic Modulation Recognition via a Dual-channel Transformer","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416250364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11228074"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11228074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11228074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067670738","display_name":"Yurui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9250-0189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yurui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101398442","display_name":"Shuya Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0525-3632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuya Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389069","display_name":"Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-3888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101644765","display_name":"Ming Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-2447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423656","display_name":"Zheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-8466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Electronic Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3218392,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/header","display_name":"Header","score":0.6657999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5034999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.30379998683929443}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48105269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141160","display_name":"Header","level":2,"score":0.6657999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6376000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5034999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45879998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37040001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71559656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671298","display_name":"Divide and conquer algorithms","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11228074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11228074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600744878","https://openalex.org/W2083400779","https://openalex.org/W2091005538","https://openalex.org/W2112638238","https://openalex.org/W2272847350","https://openalex.org/W2603396821","https://openalex.org/W2741230443","https://openalex.org/W2773170971","https://openalex.org/W2911153303","https://openalex.org/W2972762411","https://openalex.org/W2994812667","https://openalex.org/W3003494250","https://openalex.org/W3101503122","https://openalex.org/W3180246748","https://openalex.org/W3193513114","https://openalex.org/W4245633905","https://openalex.org/W4280534440","https://openalex.org/W4311169177","https://openalex.org/W4312262250","https://openalex.org/W4379472738","https://openalex.org/W4392940045","https://openalex.org/W4403210290","https://openalex.org/W4403918311"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"radio":[1],"systems":[2],"have":[3,18],"a":[4,37,81,85,114,119,124],"recognized":[5],"need":[6],"for":[7,70],"automatic":[8],"modulation":[9,16],"recognition":[10],"(AMR).":[11],"Prior":[12],"studies":[13],"on":[14,123],"recognizing":[15],"classes":[17],"faced":[19],"challenges":[20],"in":[21],"efficiently":[22],"extracting":[23],"reliable":[24],"and":[25,48,62,92,118],"robust":[26],"features":[27,91],"from":[28,46],"complex-valued":[29,54,120],"signals.":[30],"To":[31],"conquer":[32],"the":[33,53,131],"issue,":[34],"we":[35],"propose":[36],"dual-channel":[38],"transformer":[39],"(DualFormer)":[40],"to":[41],"integrate":[42],"temporal":[43],"dependence":[44],"characteristics":[45],"in-phase":[47],"quadrature":[49],"(IQ)":[50],"channels.":[51],"Specifically,":[52],"signal":[55],"is":[56,65],"decomposed":[57],"into":[58,67,80],"two":[59,100],"orthogonal":[60],"channels,":[61],"each":[63,78],"channel":[64,117],"divided":[66],"fixed-length":[68],"patches":[69],"acting":[71],"as":[72,104],"tokens.":[73],"Then,":[74],"parameter-shared":[75],"transformers":[76],"embed":[77],"patch":[79,90],"fixed-dimension":[82],"feature.":[83],"Lastly,":[84],"tailored":[86],"projection":[87],"header":[88],"fuses":[89],"outputs":[93],"modulation-scheme":[94],"probability.":[95],"The":[96],"proposed":[97,132],"DualFormer":[98],"with":[99,137],"independent":[101],"I/Q":[102],"channels":[103],"inputs":[105],"can":[106,134],"theoretically":[107],"achieve":[108,135],"lower":[109],"generalization":[110],"error":[111],"boundaries":[112],"than":[113],"single":[115],"real":[116],"channel.":[121],"Experiments":[122],"public":[125],"dataset":[126],"RadioML":[127],"2018.10A":[128],"reveals":[129],"that":[130],"method":[133],"85.5%":[136],"signal-to-noise":[138],"ratio":[139],"(SNR)":[140],"at":[141],"8":[142],"dB.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}