{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416249899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227800","title":"DRL-MR: Multipath Routing Based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for SDN-Based Data Center Networks","display_name":"DRL-MR: Multipath Routing Based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for SDN-Based Data Center Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416249899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227800"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227800","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227800","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101905935","display_name":"Peixin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5709-5368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peixin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia University,College of Computer,Hohhot,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia University,College of Computer,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062743287","display_name":"Xiangyu Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2656-8542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia University,College of Computer,Hohhot,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia University,College of Computer,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027015252","display_name":"Haoran Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-1430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoran Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia University,College of Computer,Hohhot,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia University,College of Computer,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101905935"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38802596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-routing","display_name":"Multipath routing","score":0.7202000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.5587999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.46860000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-based-routing","display_name":"Policy-based routing","score":0.4634000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4546999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-transmission","display_name":"Data transmission","score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.43540000915527344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.7202000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6739000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.560699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.5587999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.46860000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196423136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209671","display_name":"Policy-based routing","level":5,"score":0.4634000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4546999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.43540000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.4341999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94600068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7371621","display_name":"Routing domain","level":5,"score":0.430400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184896649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290066","display_name":"Routing table","level":4,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195563490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180368","display_name":"Network congestion","level":3,"score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54108766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391064","display_name":"Packet loss","level":3,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.3203999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115443555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5367790","display_name":"Equal-cost multi-path routing","level":5,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44010500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422567","display_name":"Source routing","level":5,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108921912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834639","display_name":"Transmission delay","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24856439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352483","display_name":"Adaptive routing","level":5,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114809511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412924","display_name":"Flow network","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87044965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091139","display_name":"Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227800","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227800","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322868","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064941967","https://openalex.org/W2145563843","https://openalex.org/W2147118406","https://openalex.org/W2626309980","https://openalex.org/W3093481807","https://openalex.org/W3155224216","https://openalex.org/W3215027493","https://openalex.org/W4245123941","https://openalex.org/W4380451036","https://openalex.org/W4391604387","https://openalex.org/W4391885538","https://openalex.org/W4392940056"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,4,125],"advent":[2],"of":[3,140],"5G":[5],"era,":[6],"emerging":[7],"industries":[8],"such":[9],"as":[10,21],"cloud":[11],"computing":[12],"and":[13,25,46,104,123,146,153,165],"big":[14],"data":[15,35],"are":[16,29],"rapidly":[17],"developing.":[18],"Data":[19],"centers,":[20],"resource":[22],"management":[23],"platforms":[24],"critical":[26],"transmission":[27,102],"hubs,":[28],"experiencing":[30],"a":[31,67,74,90],"sharp":[32],"increase":[33],"in":[34,43,89,138,155],"traffic,":[36],"necessitating":[37],"efficient":[38],"routing":[39,76,95,111],"optimization":[40],"algorithms.":[41],"Advances":[42],"software-defined":[44],"networking":[45,69],"programmable":[47],"network":[48,58,62,141],"devices":[49],"enable":[50],"different":[51],"flows":[52],"to":[53,93,108,120],"be":[54],"transmitted":[55],"across":[56],"multiple":[57],"paths,":[59,96],"allowing":[60],"fine-grained":[61],"performance":[63],"optimization.":[64],"Based":[65],"on":[66],"knowledge-defined":[68],"architecture,":[70],"this":[71],"paper":[72],"proposes":[73],"multipath":[75],"algorithm":[77,86],"called":[78],"DRL-MR,":[79],"utilizing":[80],"multi-agent":[81],"deep":[82],"reinforcement":[83],"learning.":[84],"The":[85],"organizes":[87],"agents":[88],"hop-by-hop":[91],"manner":[92],"generate":[94],"taking":[97],"into":[98],"account":[99],"flow":[100],"latency,":[101,147],"rate,":[103],"packet":[105],"loss":[106],"rate":[107],"devise":[109],"optimal":[110],"strategies.":[112],"Additionally,":[113],"we":[114],"introduce":[115],"an":[116],"auxiliary":[117],"learning":[118,127],"mechanism":[119],"enhance":[121],"reliability":[122,154],"accelerate":[124],"online":[126],"process.":[128],"Experimental":[129],"results":[130],"show":[131],"that":[132],"DRL-MR":[133],"significantly":[134],"outperforms":[135],"baseline":[136],"methods":[137],"terms":[139],"throughput,":[142],"link":[143],"bandwidth":[144],"utilization,":[145],"while":[148],"demonstrating":[149],"strong":[150],"adaptability,":[151],"robustness,":[152],"scenarios":[156],"with":[157],"traffic":[158],"variation,":[159],"node":[160],"failures,":[161],"unknown":[162],"large-scale":[163],"topologies,":[164],"partial":[166],"deployment.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}
