{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416249810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227611","title":"DACKT: Enhanced Code Knowledge Tracing with Dual Attention Mechanisms","display_name":"DACKT: Enhanced Code Knowledge Tracing with Dual Attention Mechanisms","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416249810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227611"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227611","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102077252","display_name":"Boyi Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7362-9614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyi Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100780219","display_name":"Liangyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0394-6208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032867115","display_name":"Ningkang Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139618","display_name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/030qbr085","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ningkang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139618","https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2035,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87775311,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.7921000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.7921000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.0697999969124794,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.022700000554323196,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5909000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5271000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.36250001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.35749998688697815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7853999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5909000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5271000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39640000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.36250001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.35749998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120567893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582085","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84685590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540472","display_name":"Knowledge engineering","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133162039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061077","display_name":"Code generation","level":3,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.265500009059906}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11227611","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489410353","https://openalex.org/W2015040676","https://openalex.org/W2512003400","https://openalex.org/W2964150020","https://openalex.org/W3038429505","https://openalex.org/W3040479400","https://openalex.org/W3046782012","https://openalex.org/W4200004272","https://openalex.org/W4214872286","https://openalex.org/W4385245566"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Code":[0,54],"knowledge":[1,37,67,91,130,151],"tracing,":[2],"as":[3,71,73,136],"a":[4,102,164],"crucial":[5],"component":[6,131],"of":[7,108,133,143,158],"programming":[8,109],"education,":[9],"predicts":[10],"students\u2019":[11,29,83,90,119],"future":[12],"performance":[13],"on":[14,17],"problems":[15,78,135],"based":[16],"their":[18],"prior":[19],"attempts.":[20],"Previous":[21],"studies":[22],"have":[23],"not":[24],"effectively":[25,61],"leveraged":[26],"information":[27,132],"in":[28,81,179],"attempts,":[30],"including":[31],"the":[32,34,41,63,74,82,89,129,134,141,144,150,159,171],"problems,":[33],"skills":[35],"required(i.e.":[36],"components,":[38,152],"KC),":[39],"and":[40,69,79,101,175],"interrelations":[42],"among":[43],"them.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"this":[47],"limitation,":[48],"we":[49,94,112,122,162],"propose":[50],"DACKT":[51],"(Dual":[52],"Attention":[53],"Knowledge":[55],"Tracing),":[56],"an":[57,124],"attention-based":[58],"approach":[59],"that":[60],"captures":[62],"relationship":[64],"between":[65,76],"student":[66],"components":[68],"code,":[70],"well":[72],"correlations":[75],"different":[77],"submissions":[80],"problem-solving":[84],"sequences,":[85],"thus":[86],"better":[87],"modeling":[88],"levels.":[92],"Specifically,":[93],"first":[95],"utilize":[96,163],"large":[97],"language":[98],"models":[99],"(LLMs)":[100],"pre-trained":[103],"model":[104],"to":[105,117,127,139,149,154,169],"generate":[106],"representations":[107,157,174],"problems.":[110],"Meanwhile,":[111],"apply":[113],"code":[114,145,173],"embedding":[115],"techniques":[116],"represent":[118],"code.":[120,160],"Then,":[121],"employ":[123],"attention":[125,167],"mechanism":[126,168],"use":[128],"query":[137],"vectors":[138],"identify":[140],"parts":[142],"features":[146],"most":[147],"relevant":[148],"leading":[153],"more":[155],"effective":[156],"Finally,":[161],"custom":[165],"sequence":[166],"integrate":[170],"learned":[172],"problem":[176],"representations,":[177],"resulting":[178],"significant":[180],"improvements":[181],"over":[182],"baseline":[183],"models.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}
