{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402351549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650502","title":"Deeply Learned Cervical Vertebrae Maturation Staging in CT Images","display_name":"Deeply Learned Cervical Vertebrae Maturation Staging in CT Images","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402351549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650502","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403428","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0343-3499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013039259","display_name":"Linya Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linya Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100942692","display_name":"Chen Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5102-4286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152252","display_name":"Xiamen Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01x6rgt30","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen Medical College,Stomatological Hospital,Xiamen,China,361009"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen Medical College,Stomatological Hospital,Xiamen,China,361009","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101685767","display_name":"Liping Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-8298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152252","display_name":"Xiamen Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01x6rgt30","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liping Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen Medical College,Stomatological Hospital,Xiamen,China,361009"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen Medical College,Stomatological Hospital,Xiamen,China,361009","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100724035","display_name":"Yuming Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2677-324X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152252","display_name":"Xiamen Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01x6rgt30","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen Medical College,Stomatological Hospital,Xiamen,China,361009"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen Medical College,Stomatological Hospital,Xiamen,China,361009","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082244615","display_name":"Yinran Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8062-1859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinran Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100426934","display_name":"Xi\u00f3ngbi\u0101o Lu\u00f3","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5238-489X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiongbiao Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University,Department of Computer Science and Technology,Xiamen,China,361102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-vertebrae","display_name":"Cervical vertebrae","score":0.6753022074699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-spine","display_name":"Cervical spine","score":0.47925615310668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.4579031467437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44620388746261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.4025299549102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontics","display_name":"Orthodontics","score":0.3519213795661926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34763962030410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.32394713163375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.10219535231590271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776944266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900457","display_name":"Cervical vertebrae","level":2,"score":0.6753022074699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985379065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900457","display_name":"Cervical spine","level":2,"score":0.47925615310668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.4579031467437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44620388746261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4025299549102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.3519213795661926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34763962030410767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.32394713163375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.10219535231590271}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650502","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1978105738","https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2042473558","https://openalex.org/W2066305724","https://openalex.org/W2080562691","https://openalex.org/W2093144693","https://openalex.org/W2094027820","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2776405296","https://openalex.org/W2908052439","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2978352565","https://openalex.org/W2995609771","https://openalex.org/W2996290406","https://openalex.org/W3006135495","https://openalex.org/W3009489745","https://openalex.org/W3014974815","https://openalex.org/W3025800305","https://openalex.org/W3094207143","https://openalex.org/W3112701542","https://openalex.org/W3127751679","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W4282929048","https://openalex.org/W4283776702","https://openalex.org/W4306776872","https://openalex.org/W4323811980","https://openalex.org/W4367355047","https://openalex.org/W4375868816","https://openalex.org/W4379382445","https://openalex.org/W6650113543","https://openalex.org/W6747369382","https://openalex.org/W6758363661","https://openalex.org/W6790275670"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087991644","https://openalex.org/W2164970848","https://openalex.org/W4246108877","https://openalex.org/W2009759881","https://openalex.org/W2131334338","https://openalex.org/W2032098046","https://openalex.org/W2581852844","https://openalex.org/W1482722235","https://openalex.org/W3205847150","https://openalex.org/W2403054141"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cervical":[0],"vertebrae":[1,28,58],"age":[2],"estimation":[3],"empowers":[4],"clinicians":[5],"to":[6,53,85,131],"determine":[7],"the":[8,56,67,71,75,87,107,126,151],"development":[9],"status":[10],"of":[11,147],"children":[12],"and":[13,19,39,102],"adolescents":[14],"for":[15,66,150],"precise":[16],"orthodontic":[17],"diagnosis":[18],"treatment.":[20],"This":[21],"work":[22],"proposes":[23],"a":[24,43],"fully":[25],"automated":[26],"cervical":[27,57],"maturation":[29],"staging":[30,69],"framework":[31,45],"that":[32,111],"uses":[33],"deeply":[34],"learned":[35],"CT":[36,97],"image":[37],"segmentation":[38],"classification.":[40],"Specifically,":[41,74],"such":[42],"two-step":[44],"first":[46],"employs":[47],"convolutional":[48],"neural":[49],"networks":[50,65],"(i.e.,":[51,81],"nnU-Net)":[52],"precisely":[54],"segment":[55],"bones.":[59],"Then,":[60],"we":[61],"propose":[62],"parallel":[63],"regression-classification":[64],"bone":[68,82],"using":[70],"segmented":[72],"results.":[73],"regression":[76],"path":[77],"introduces":[78],"prior":[79],"knowledge":[80],"anatomical":[83],"parameters)":[84],"supervise":[86],"classification":[88,116],"path.":[89],"We":[90],"evaluate":[91],"our":[92,112,140],"method":[93,113,141],"on":[94,134],"two":[95],"clinical":[96],"databases":[98],"(60":[99],"balance":[100],"volumes":[101],"85":[103],"imbalance":[104],"volumes),":[105],"with":[106],"experimental":[108],"results":[109],"showing":[110],"attains":[114],"higher":[115],"accuracy":[117,127,146],"than":[118],"state-of-the-art":[119],"methods.":[120],"In":[121],"particular,":[122],"it":[123],"can":[124],"improve":[125],"from":[128],"(0.5833,":[129],"0.5294)":[130],"(0.6667,":[132],"0.6471)":[133],"(balance,":[135],"imbalance)":[136],"data,":[137],"respectively.":[138],"Besides,":[139],"also":[142],"achieves":[143],"an":[144],"average":[145],"(0.65,":[148],"0.6353)":[149],"5-fold":[152],"cross-validation.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
