{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402352345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650032","title":"Use of External Markers by Reactive Agents as an Easier Evolutionary Route Toward Memory","display_name":"Use of External Markers by Reactive Agents as an Easier Evolutionary Route Toward Memory","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402352345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650032","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650032","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107079582","display_name":"Shivashriganesh P. Mahato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shivashriganesh P. Mahato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University,Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.,College Station,TX,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University,Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.,College Station,TX,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107079583","display_name":"Shreyes Kaliyur","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shreyes Kaliyur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University,Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.,College Station,TX,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University,Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.,College Station,TX,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107079584","display_name":"Ji Ryang Chung","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Ryang Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tilda Corp,Seoul,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tilda Corp,Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011352362","display_name":"Yoonsuck Choe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoonsuck Choe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University,Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.,College Station,TX,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University,Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.,College Station,TX,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107079582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12912434,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9607999920845032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7123177647590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.4223668873310089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.40399205684661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.21794840693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overlay","display_name":"Overlay","score":0.09197685122489929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7123177647590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.4223668873310089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.40399205684661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.21794840693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136085584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910289","display_name":"Overlay","level":2,"score":0.09197685122489929}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650032","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10650032","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512749841","https://openalex.org/W1548589545","https://openalex.org/W2022029210","https://openalex.org/W2028484733","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2110485445","https://openalex.org/W2111426473","https://openalex.org/W2111935653","https://openalex.org/W2117671523","https://openalex.org/W2124290836","https://openalex.org/W2125947533","https://openalex.org/W2517464449","https://openalex.org/W4232335189","https://openalex.org/W4236981972","https://openalex.org/W4237205059","https://openalex.org/W4240592325","https://openalex.org/W4303633609","https://openalex.org/W4365999477","https://openalex.org/W4390861687","https://openalex.org/W6639620406","https://openalex.org/W6684821475","https://openalex.org/W7055386068"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Memory":[0],"is":[1,130,169,191],"a":[2,69,174,209,216],"key":[3],"functional":[4],"requirement":[5],"for":[6],"cognitive":[7,245],"agents.":[8,246],"There":[9],"are":[10,160],"three":[11,39,144],"basic":[12],"ways":[13],"to":[14,43,89,115,123,141,172,198],"implement":[15],"memory":[16,129,147,220,231,243],"using":[17,93],"neural":[18,23,28],"networks:":[19],"(1)":[20],"RNN:":[21],"recurrent":[22],"networks,":[24],"(2)":[25],"TDNN:":[26],"time-delayed":[27],"networks":[29],"(feed-forward),":[30],"and":[31,82,180,223],"(3)":[32],"DROPPER:":[33],"external":[34,225],"marker":[35],"dropper/detector":[36],"(feed-forward).":[37],"All":[38],"have":[40,59],"been":[41],"found":[42,188],"be":[44],"effective":[45],"in":[46,244],"prior":[47],"research.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50,64],"paper,":[51],"we":[52,66,186],"ask":[53],"which":[54],"of":[55,101,111,136,146,202,219],"these":[56],"mechanisms":[57,232],"could":[58,213],"evolved":[60],"earlier/easier?":[61],"To":[62],"answer":[63],"question,":[65],"set":[67],"up":[68],"simple":[70,210],"ball-catching":[71],"task":[72],"where":[73,149],"two":[74],"balls":[75,92],"fall":[76],"from":[77],"above":[78],"at":[79,85],"different":[80],"speeds,":[81],"an":[83],"agent":[84,212],"the":[86,91,98,102,105,117,125,134,152,157,166,170,183,199,203,239],"bottom":[87],"has":[88],"catch":[90,116,124],"range":[94],"sensors.":[95],"Depending":[96],"on":[97,238],"relative":[99,200],"speed":[100,201],"balls,":[103],"sometimes":[104],"slow":[106],"ball":[107,119],"will":[108],"go":[109],"out":[110],"sensor":[112],"range,":[113],"thus":[114],"fast":[118],"first":[120],"then":[121],"remember":[122],"second":[126],"(slow)":[127],"ball,":[128],"required.":[131],"We":[132],"used":[133],"Neuroevolution":[135],"Augmenting":[137],"Topologies":[138],"(NEAT)":[139],"algorithm":[140],"evolve":[142,173,215],"all":[143],"types":[145],"mechanisms,":[148],"not":[150],"only":[151],"connection":[153],"weights":[154],"but":[155],"also":[156,187],"network":[158],"topologies":[159],"evolved.":[161],"Our":[162],"results":[163,206],"show":[164,207],"that":[165,189,208],"DROPPER":[167,190],"mechanism":[168],"fastest":[171],"successful":[175],"controller,":[176],"followed":[177],"by":[178],"TDNN":[179,195],"RNN.":[181],"Among":[182],"feed-forward":[184],"topologies,":[185],"more":[192],"robust":[193],"than":[194],"(less":[196],"sensitive":[197],"balls).":[204],"These":[205,234],"reactive":[211],"quickly":[214],"rudimentary":[217],"form":[218],"through":[221],"depositing":[222],"detecting":[224],"markers,":[226],"long":[227],"before":[228],"other":[229],"internalized":[230],"evolve.":[233],"findings":[235],"shed":[236],"light":[237],"evolutionary":[240],"route":[241],"toward":[242]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}