{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385484594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn54540.2023.10191966","title":"FAU-Gaze: Fast and Accurate User-specific Gaze Estimation Framework","display_name":"FAU-Gaze: Fast and Accurate User-specific Gaze Estimation Framework","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385484594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn54540.2023.10191966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn54540.2023.10191966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn54540.2023.10191966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101598590","display_name":"Y. Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-8611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799850029","display_name":"Dongguan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01m8p7q42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080557890","display_name":"Li Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0218-4242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799850029","display_name":"Dongguan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01m8p7q42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100702698","display_name":"Ziyuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7164-088X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799850029","display_name":"Dongguan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01m8p7q42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102690431","display_name":"Songjie Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799850029","display_name":"Dongguan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01m8p7q42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songjie Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799850029"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069241620","display_name":"Qing Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1012-5301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen),Shenzhen,China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen),Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08467224,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9621000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9470000267028809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.9443196654319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7810182571411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6933934688568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6657537817955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.625749945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laptop","display_name":"Laptop","score":0.6055614948272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.4697796702384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.45539066195487976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.9443196654319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7810182571411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6933934688568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6657537817955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.625749945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780008327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3962","display_name":"Laptop","level":2,"score":0.6055614948272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.4697796702384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.45539066195487976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn54540.2023.10191966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn54540.2023.10191966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8172258811","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U19A2067,61976051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1192812843","https://openalex.org/W1990266873","https://openalex.org/W1990589523","https://openalex.org/W2027879843","https://openalex.org/W2059916030","https://openalex.org/W2112547031","https://openalex.org/W2148322785","https://openalex.org/W2166053089","https://openalex.org/W2167020116","https://openalex.org/W2468114283","https://openalex.org/W2474210745","https://openalex.org/W2557669140","https://openalex.org/W2598992495","https://openalex.org/W2604763608","https://openalex.org/W2619046358","https://openalex.org/W2754062402","https://openalex.org/W2765629358","https://openalex.org/W2795718602","https://openalex.org/W2939489045","https://openalex.org/W2963530216","https://openalex.org/W2964172519","https://openalex.org/W2982717194","https://openalex.org/W2994800813","https://openalex.org/W3001625344","https://openalex.org/W3044476479","https://openalex.org/W3101438200","https://openalex.org/W3108662837","https://openalex.org/W4312461822","https://openalex.org/W6676750203","https://openalex.org/W6736057607","https://openalex.org/W6785178261"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3153292769","https://openalex.org/W2045444909","https://openalex.org/W1516398359","https://openalex.org/W1901656956","https://openalex.org/W2990805456","https://openalex.org/W2941659365","https://openalex.org/W4239210160","https://openalex.org/W3198217922","https://openalex.org/W2161294397","https://openalex.org/W2012644758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gaze":[0,58],"estimation":[1,27,104],"has":[2],"a":[3,21,98],"wide":[4],"range":[5],"of":[6,40,60,122],"applications":[7],"such":[8],"as":[9],"neuroscience":[10],"and":[11,19,23,67,71,100,117,129],"clinical":[12],"research.":[13],"In":[14,90],"this":[15],"paper,":[16],"we":[17,95],"propose":[18],"implement":[20],"fast":[22],"accurate":[24],"user-specific":[25],"gaze":[26,88,103],"system,":[28],"called":[29],"FAU-Gaze.":[30],"FAU-Gaze":[31,61,80,123],"supports":[32],"online":[33],"real-time":[34],"training":[35],"with":[36,49],"an":[37],"inference":[38],"speed":[39],"up":[41],"to":[42,92,126],"7-11.5":[43],"ms":[44],"in":[45],"100":[46],"FPS.":[47],"Compared":[48],"existing":[50],"models,":[51],"the":[52,63,119,130,133],"kernel":[53],"model":[54],"FPGC":[55],"(Feature-based":[56],"Personalized":[57],"Calibrator)":[59],"increases":[62],"accuracy":[64],"by":[65],"36.4%":[66],"33.7%":[68],"on":[69,113],"MPIIFaceGaze":[70],"TabletGaze":[72],"respectively.":[73],"By":[74],"mining":[75],"each":[76,85],"user's":[77,86],"potential":[78],"characteristics,":[79],"can":[81],"more":[82],"accurately":[83],"locate":[84],"real":[87],"position.":[89],"order":[91],"test":[93],"FAU-Gaze,":[94],"also":[96],"introduce":[97],"low-resolution":[99],"low-definition":[101],"laptop":[102],"dataset":[105],"TobiiGaze":[106],"containing":[107],"41,000":[108],"images.":[109],"Through":[110],"our":[111],"experiments":[112],"both":[114],"TobiiGaze,":[115],"MPIIFaceGaze,":[116],"TabletGaze,":[118],"prediction":[120],"error":[121],"is":[124],"reduced":[125],"1.61":[127],"cm":[128],"robustness":[131],"outperforms":[132],"state-of-the-art.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
