{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3026360727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9207369","title":"Sleep Stage Classification using NeuCube on SpiNNaker: a Preliminary Study","display_name":"Sleep Stage Classification using NeuCube on SpiNNaker: a Preliminary Study","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3026360727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9207369","mag":"3026360727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9207369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9207369","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041985054","display_name":"Sugam Budhraja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-8722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148827","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Goa Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/046sh6j17","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sugam Budhraja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Information Systems, BITS Pilani, Goa Campus, Goa, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Information Systems, BITS Pilani, Goa Campus, Goa, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006331026","display_name":"Basabdatta Sen Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5079-0619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148827","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Goa Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/046sh6j17","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basabdatta Sen Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Information Systems, BITS Pilani, Goa Campus, Goa, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Information Systems, BITS Pilani, Goa Campus, Goa, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028552390","display_name":"Simon Durrant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3659-179X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51532219","display_name":"University of Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/03yeq9x20","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Durrant","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090783596","display_name":"Zohreh Doborjeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-8258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zohreh Doborjeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008184865","display_name":"Maryam Doborjeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-0662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","display_name":"Auckland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zvqw119","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Doborjeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology & Software Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology & Software Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024893012","display_name":"Nikola Kasabov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4433-7521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","display_name":"Auckland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zvqw119","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"]}],"countries":["GB","NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikola Kasabov","raw_affiliation_strings":["KEDRI Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand","Ulster University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KEDRI Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulster University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5489172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7202629446983337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6941913366317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.6462882161140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5877679586410522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-stages","display_name":"Sleep Stages","score":0.5702822208404541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.5608465075492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5549008250236511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","score":0.5514739751815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.4927399456501007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4909124970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.4636247158050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.46325621008872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.4453052580356598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4327140748500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4322555363178253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4198237955570221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polysomnography","display_name":"Polysomnography","score":0.13650527596473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.09572255611419678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7202629446983337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6941913366317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.6462882161140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5877679586410522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910364982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep Stages","level":4,"score":0.5702822208404541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.5608465075492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5549008250236511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.5514739751815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.4927399456501007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4909124970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.4636247158050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.46325621008872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4453052580356598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4327140748500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4322555363178253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4198237955570221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754874","display_name":"Polysomnography","level":3,"score":0.13650527596473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09572255611419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9207369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9207369","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/c7367437-8da3-4fc8-b1c6-cc7052723ca4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/c7367437-8da3-4fc8-b1c6-cc7052723ca4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Budhraja, S, Sen Bhattacharya, B, Durrant, S, Doborjeh, Z, Doborjeh, M & Kasabov, N 2020, Sleep Stage Classification using NeuCube on SpiNNaker : A Preliminary Study. in 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) : 2020 Conference Proceedings. Proceedings of International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IJCNN 2020, Virtual, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 19/07/20. https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN48605.2020.9207369","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchspace.auckland.ac.nz:2292/53826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2292/53826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055463","display_name":"ResearchSpace (University of Auckland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","host_organization_name":"University of Auckland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1878915617","https://openalex.org/W1979646945","https://openalex.org/W1992296489","https://openalex.org/W2000938010","https://openalex.org/W2019598563","https://openalex.org/W2020485355","https://openalex.org/W2054384069","https://openalex.org/W2105580042","https://openalex.org/W2140886546","https://openalex.org/W2147101007","https://openalex.org/W2159951683","https://openalex.org/W2299899589","https://openalex.org/W2560384232","https://openalex.org/W2604096629","https://openalex.org/W2888850715","https://openalex.org/W2898047920","https://openalex.org/W2898350988","https://openalex.org/W2906529234","https://openalex.org/W2941300701","https://openalex.org/W3152633770","https://openalex.org/W4236503105","https://openalex.org/W6681041898","https://openalex.org/W6754321724","https://openalex.org/W6761726373"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121188996","https://openalex.org/W4308561096","https://openalex.org/W3200508116","https://openalex.org/W2136162213","https://openalex.org/W2376497661","https://openalex.org/W3011076523","https://openalex.org/W2332107599","https://openalex.org/W2319810220","https://openalex.org/W2424678138","https://openalex.org/W2324099496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"sleep":[3,21,108],"stage":[4],"classification":[5,98,131],"using":[6,94,117,132],"NeuCube,":[7],"a":[8,17,83],"Spiking":[9],"Neural":[10],"Network":[11],"(SNN)":[12],"architecture,":[13],"simulated":[14],"on":[15,54,82],"SpiNNaker,":[16],"neuromorphic":[18],"computer.":[19],"The":[20],"electroencephalogram":[22],"(EEG)":[23],"time":[24],"series":[25],"is":[26],"converted":[27],"to":[28,35],"spikes":[29],"and":[30,61,97,106,136],"provided":[31],"as":[32],"an":[33],"input":[34],"NeuCube.":[36],"Relevant":[37],"feature":[38,59,87],"vectors":[39,60],"are":[40],"extracted":[41],"at":[42],"different":[43,55],"stages":[44,109],"of":[45,57,85,91],"training.":[46],"We":[47,66],"used":[48],"six":[49],"standard":[50],"machine":[51],"learning":[52],"classifiers":[53],"combinations":[56],"these":[58],"calculated":[62],"5-fold":[63],"cross-validation":[64],"accuracy.":[65],"observed":[67],"that":[68,101],"the":[69,76,92,102,118,139],"gradient":[70,119],"boosted":[71,120],"decision":[72,121],"trees":[73,122],"classifier":[74],"performed":[75],"best":[77],"by":[78],"achieving":[79],"81.25%":[80],"accuracy":[81],"combination":[84],"two":[86],"vectors.":[88],"An":[89],"evaluation":[90],"results":[93],"confusion":[95],"matrices":[96],"reports":[99],"showed":[100],"Awake,":[103],"N2,":[104],"SWS":[105],"REM":[107],"can":[110],"be":[111],"classified":[112],"with":[113],"\u2265":[114],"80%":[115],"F1-score":[116],"algorithm.":[123],"Overall,":[124],"our":[125],"proof-of-concept":[126],"work":[127],"towards":[128],"autonomous":[129],"sleep-stage":[130],"NeuCube":[133],"shows":[134],"promise":[135],"will":[137],"form":[138],"base":[140],"for":[141],"continued":[142],"research":[143],"in":[144],"this":[145],"direction.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}