{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3044996497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206688","title":"3D Point Cloud Feature Explanations Using Gradient-Based Methods","display_name":"3D Point Cloud Feature Explanations Using Gradient-Based Methods","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3044996497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206688","mag":"3044996497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002020606","display_name":"Ananya Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-1479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ananya Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080310566","display_name":"Simon Watson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-0147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Watson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055149475","display_name":"Hujun Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-5401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hujun Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3544,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85358181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.8691401481628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8462820649147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.6905274391174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6491810083389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.641887903213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5601704120635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5437378883361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5166726112365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.45867830514907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44909438490867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.4360384941101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3984990417957306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06791159510612488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.8691401481628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8462820649147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.6905274391174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6491810083389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.641887903213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5601704120635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5437378883361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5166726112365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.45867830514907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44909438490867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.4360384941101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3984990417957306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06791159510612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1920022804","https://openalex.org/W2097310377","https://openalex.org/W2113211233","https://openalex.org/W2123045220","https://openalex.org/W2128272608","https://openalex.org/W2195388612","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2346578521","https://openalex.org/W2511691466","https://openalex.org/W2567575208","https://openalex.org/W2594633041","https://openalex.org/W2605409611","https://openalex.org/W2657631929","https://openalex.org/W2724999822","https://openalex.org/W2755012395","https://openalex.org/W2785760873","https://openalex.org/W2787884921","https://openalex.org/W2796426482","https://openalex.org/W2807124908","https://openalex.org/W2905810301","https://openalex.org/W2962851944","https://openalex.org/W2962948813","https://openalex.org/W2963121255","https://openalex.org/W2963382180","https://openalex.org/W2963847595","https://openalex.org/W2963981420","https://openalex.org/W2973136764","https://openalex.org/W3143293593","https://openalex.org/W4298061300","https://openalex.org/W6639204139","https://openalex.org/W6640300118","https://openalex.org/W6677995690","https://openalex.org/W6685133223","https://openalex.org/W6704488215","https://openalex.org/W6724998850","https://openalex.org/W6725627366","https://openalex.org/W6734194636","https://openalex.org/W6736518430","https://openalex.org/W6739778489","https://openalex.org/W6748218292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310007291","https://openalex.org/W2556085923","https://openalex.org/W4225923054","https://openalex.org/W2534909612","https://openalex.org/W2016461833","https://openalex.org/W2382607599","https://openalex.org/W3197541072","https://openalex.org/W2773120646","https://openalex.org/W3037324896","https://openalex.org/W2774265021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Explainability":[0],"is":[1,93,110],"an":[2],"important":[3,82],"factor":[4],"to":[5,50,55,138,154],"drive":[6],"user":[7],"trust":[8],"in":[9,26,64,76,162],"the":[10,23,43,62,105,115,147],"use":[11],"of":[12,22,156],"neural":[13,141],"networks":[14],"for":[15],"tasks":[16],"with":[17,57,159],"material":[18],"impact.":[19],"However,":[20],"most":[21],"work":[24,51],"done":[25],"this":[27],"area":[28],"focuses":[29],"on":[30,52],"image":[31,53],"analysis":[32],"and":[33,67,70,74,95,123,131],"does":[34],"not":[35],"take":[36],"into":[37],"account":[38],"3D":[39,58,77,108],"data.":[40,59],"We":[41,60],"extend":[42],"saliency":[44],"methods":[45],"that":[46,72,107,125,146],"have":[47],"been":[48],"shown":[49],"data":[54,78,109],"deal":[56],"analyse":[61],"features":[63,83,116,127],"point":[65],"clouds":[66],"voxel":[68],"spaces":[69],"show":[71,124,145],"edges":[73],"corners":[75],"are":[79,87,128],"deemed":[80,88],"as":[81],"while":[84],"planar":[85],"surfaces":[86],"less":[89],"important.":[90],"The":[91],"approach":[92],"model-agnostic":[94],"can":[96,132,150],"provide":[97],"useful":[98],"information":[99],"about":[100],"learnt":[101,117],"features.":[102],"Driven":[103],"by":[104,118],"insight":[106],"inherently":[111],"sparse,":[112],"we":[113],"visualise":[114],"a":[119],"voxel-based":[120],"classification":[121],"network":[122],"these":[126],"also":[129],"sparse":[130],"be":[133,151],"pruned":[134,152],"relatively":[135],"easily,":[136],"leading":[137],"more":[139],"efficient":[140],"networks.":[142],"Our":[143],"results":[144],"Voxception-ResNet":[148],"model":[149],"down":[153],"5%":[155],"its":[157],"parameters":[158],"negligible":[160],"loss":[161],"accuracy.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
