{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2084110807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2013.6707067","title":"Neuromorphic adaptations of restricted Boltzmann machines and deep belief networks","display_name":"Neuromorphic adaptations of restricted Boltzmann machines and deep belief networks","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2084110807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2013.6707067","mag":"2084110807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2013.6707067","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2013.6707067","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2013 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090889148","display_name":"Bruno U. Pedroni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5789-0487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruno U. Pedroni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD)","Bioeng. Dept., Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioeng. Dept., Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070446698","display_name":"Srinjoy Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-8112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinjoy Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Institute for Neural Computation of UCSD","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Institute for Neural Computation of UCSD","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060924942","display_name":"Emre Neftci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-3273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emre Neftci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Neural Computation of UCSD","Inst. for Neural Comput., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Neural Computation of UCSD","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Neural Comput., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042298001","display_name":"Kenneth Kreutz-Delgado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8135-6823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140792","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica Santo Domingo","ror":"https://ror.org/04ytq6y86","country_code":"DO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140792"]}],"countries":["DO","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Kreutz-Delgado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of UCSD","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of UCSD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059013717","display_name":"Gert Cauwenberghs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-5529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gert Cauwenberghs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, Institute for Neural Computation of UCSD","Bioeng. Dept., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, Institute for Neural Computation of UCSD","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioeng. Dept., UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090889148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85813605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.9671726822853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boltzmann-machine","display_name":"Boltzmann machine","score":0.8020740747451782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7049601078033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5615249872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5549460649490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-belief-network","display_name":"Deep belief network","score":0.5411658883094788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.507750391960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.4790191054344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.4592421352863312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.45836126804351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.43831369280815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.43811294436454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4219127893447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39408165216445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3502054214477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.14962393045425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.11347407102584839}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.9671726822853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192576344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194706","display_name":"Boltzmann machine","level":3,"score":0.8020740747451782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7049601078033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5615249872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5549460649490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97385483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16954980","display_name":"Deep belief network","level":3,"score":0.5411658883094788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.507750391960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4790191054344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.4592421352863312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.45836126804351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.43831369280815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.43811294436454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4219127893447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39408165216445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3502054214477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.14962393045425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.11347407102584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2013.6707067","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2013.6707067","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2013 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493358697","https://openalex.org/W1578671836","https://openalex.org/W1813659000","https://openalex.org/W1964155876","https://openalex.org/W2042492924","https://openalex.org/W2051137788","https://openalex.org/W2051385641","https://openalex.org/W2116064496","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W6638304892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3089892344","https://openalex.org/W2960220682","https://openalex.org/W2064630666","https://openalex.org/W4313442939","https://openalex.org/W4386227293","https://openalex.org/W4372267706","https://openalex.org/W2885510266","https://openalex.org/W4288055417","https://openalex.org/W4205804651","https://openalex.org/W2287713958"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Restricted":[0],"Boltzmann":[1],"Machines":[2],"(RBMs)":[3],"and":[4,24,44,68],"Deep":[5],"Belief":[6],"Networks":[7],"(DBNs)":[8],"have":[9],"been":[10],"demonstrated":[11],"to":[12],"perform":[13],"efficiently":[14],"on":[15,29],"a":[16,50,58,84],"variety":[17],"of":[18,27,36,53,77,89],"applications,":[19],"such":[20,78,90],"as":[21,83],"dimensionality":[22],"reduction":[23],"classification.":[25],"Implementation":[26],"RBMs":[28],"neuromorphic":[30,51,93],"platforms,":[31],"which":[32,56,80],"emulate":[33],"large-scale":[34],"networks":[35],"spiking":[37],"neurons,":[38],"has":[39],"significant":[40],"advantages":[41],"from":[42],"concurrency":[43],"low-power":[45],"perspectives.":[46],"This":[47],"work":[48],"outlines":[49],"adaptation":[52],"the":[54,75],"RBM,":[55],"uses":[57],"recently":[59],"proposed":[60],"neural":[61],"sampling":[62],"algorithm":[63],"(Buesing":[64],"et":[65],"al.":[66],"2011),":[67],"examines":[69],"its":[70],"algorithmic":[71],"efficiency.":[72],"Results":[73],"show":[74],"feasibility":[76],"alterations,":[79],"will":[81],"serve":[82],"guide":[85],"for":[86],"future":[87],"implementation":[88],"algorithms":[91],"in":[92],"very":[94],"large":[95],"scale":[96],"integration":[97],"(VLSI)":[98],"platforms.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}