{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054659475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2012.6252363","title":"A novel image watermarking scheme using Extreme Learning Machine","display_name":"A novel image watermarking scheme using Extreme Learning Machine","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054659475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2012.6252363","mag":"2054659475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2012.6252363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2012.6252363","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2012 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003537058","display_name":"Anurag Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-7182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110166357","display_name":"University of Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzb2213","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anurag Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Deendayal Upadhyay College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Deendayal Upadhyay College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001276805","display_name":"Amita Goel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2208-6530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amita Goel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, GGSIP University, New Delhi, India","[Department of Information Technology, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, GGSIP University, New Delhi, India]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, GGSIP University, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Information Technology, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, GGSIP University, New Delhi, India]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100605814","display_name":"R. P. Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9896-1170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110166357","display_name":"University of Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzb2213","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095530","display_name":"Deen Dayal Upadhyay Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3vh666","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095530"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rampal Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Deendayal Upadhyay College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India","[Department of Computer Science, Deendayal Upadhyay College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Deendayal Upadhyay College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110166357","https://openalex.org/I4210095530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, Deendayal Upadhyay College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110166357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083396008","display_name":"Girija Chetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6264-8644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girija Chetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia","Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080974401","display_name":"Lavneet Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2609-2068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lavneet Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia","Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Canberra, Australia#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4654,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96755994,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.8621137738227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.7777037024497986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-learning-machine","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","score":0.7565394043922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.7024377584457397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.686545729637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6141861081123352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5479051470756531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.47994521260261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.4566989243030548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42886704206466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.42038649320602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4122179448604584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4104929566383362}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.8621137738227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.7777037024497986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780150128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21948731","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","level":3,"score":0.7565394043922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.7024377584457397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.686545729637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6141861081123352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5479051470756531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.47994521260261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.4566989243030548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42886704206466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42038649320602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4122179448604584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4104929566383362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2012.6252363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2012.6252363","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2012 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50765779","https://openalex.org/W1604591429","https://openalex.org/W2032909472","https://openalex.org/W2084542093","https://openalex.org/W2110158084","https://openalex.org/W2111072639","https://openalex.org/W2163572752","https://openalex.org/W2341941224","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602083321","https://openalex.org/W6704299442"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288","https://openalex.org/W2183032046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,11,70],"novel":[4],"digital":[5],"image":[6,62,96],"watermarking":[7,48],"algorithm":[8,29,49,148],"based":[9],"on":[10],"fast":[12,32],"neural":[13],"network":[14],"known":[15],"as":[16,44,77,81,88],"Extreme":[17],"Learning":[18],"Machine":[19],"(ELM)":[20],"for":[21],"two":[22],"grayscale":[23,60],"images":[24,111,125],"is":[25,30,86,112,126,142],"proposed.":[26],"The":[27,46,66,105,129],"ELM":[28,52,68],"very":[31],"and":[33,145],"completes":[34],"its":[35,40],"training":[36],"in":[37,63,154],"milliseconds":[38],"unlike":[39],"other":[41],"counterparts":[42],"such":[43],"BPN.":[45],"proposed":[47],"trains":[50],"the":[51,59,94,102,109,121,139,147],"by":[53,114],"using":[54,97],"low":[55],"frequency":[56],"coefficients":[57],"of":[58,72,108,123,133],"host":[61,95],"transform":[64],"domain.":[65],"trained":[67],"produces":[69],"sequence":[71,85],"1024":[73],"real":[74],"numbers,":[75],"normalized":[76],"per":[78],"N(0,":[79],"1)":[80],"an":[82],"output.":[83],"This":[84],"used":[87],"watermark":[89],"to":[90,100],"be":[91],"embedded":[92],"within":[93],"Cox's":[98],"formula":[99],"obtain":[101],"signed":[103,110,124],"image.":[104],"visual":[106],"quality":[107,122],"evaluated":[113],"PSNR.":[115],"High":[116],"PSNR":[117],"values":[118],"indicate":[119],"that":[120,138,156],"quite":[127,143],"good.":[128],"computed":[130],"high":[131],"value":[132],"SIM":[134],"(X,":[135],"X*)":[136],"establishes":[137],"extraction":[140],"process":[141],"successful":[144],"overall":[146],"finds":[149],"good":[150],"practical":[151],"applications,":[152],"especially":[153],"situations":[155],"warrant":[157],"meeting":[158],"time":[159],"constraints.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
