{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155408995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033503","title":"A Support Vector Machines network for traffic sign recognition","display_name":"A Support Vector Machines network for traffic sign recognition","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155408995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033503","mag":"2155408995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033503","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014977040","display_name":"Fabio Boi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-8326"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Boi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001268555","display_name":"Lorenzo Gagliardini","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Gagliardini","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014977040"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8332,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92660473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign-recognition","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","score":0.8735519051551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7666093111038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7123263478279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.6912002563476562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.6843552589416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5993605256080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5860254764556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign","display_name":"Traffic sign","score":0.5280039310455322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.45369720458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.4432010054588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4305751919746399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3748649060726166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12107580900192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.12027162313461304}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6528762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1574298","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","level":4,"score":0.8735519051551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7666093111038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7123263478279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.6912002563476562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.6843552589416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5993605256080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5860254764556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983860417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170285","display_name":"Traffic sign","level":3,"score":0.5280039310455322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45369720458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.4432010054588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4305751919746399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3748649060726166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12107580900192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12027162313461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033503","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W2117876524","https://openalex.org/W2133864802","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2184215377","https://openalex.org/W3014813097","https://openalex.org/W6680007464","https://openalex.org/W6686072366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382897155","https://openalex.org/W4379231512","https://openalex.org/W4283820116","https://openalex.org/W4378699879","https://openalex.org/W3128164723","https://openalex.org/W4286647459","https://openalex.org/W2550210748","https://openalex.org/W2744049237","https://openalex.org/W2790962970","https://openalex.org/W2771114433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,102,190],"objective":[1],"of":[2,26,52,93,111,137,157,175,178,182,186,247,254],"this":[3],"paper":[4],"is":[5,38,208,214,241],"to":[6,11,56,66,87,100,124,205,243],"describe":[7],"an":[8,96],"algorithm":[9],"able":[10],"solve":[12],"the":[13,73,77,118,130,135,145,149,164,196,209,217,221,225,229,232,236,245,252,255],"traffic":[14],"sign":[15,36],"recognition":[16,37],"problem,":[17,42],"based":[18],"on":[19],"a":[20,24,39,44,114,141,155,173,187],"structure":[21],"composed":[22,177],"by":[23,76,105,216],"cascade":[25],"competing":[27],"classifiers":[28],"and":[29,134,223,231,249],"some":[30,126],"computer":[31],"vision":[32],"pre-processing":[33],"operations.":[34],"Traffic":[35,68],"very":[40,54],"complex":[41],"involving":[43],"multiclass":[45],"analysis":[46],"with":[47,95,163,200],"unbalanced":[48],"class":[49],"frequencies,":[50],"most":[51,210],"them":[53],"similar":[55],"each":[57,201],"other.":[58],"With":[59],"our":[60,106],"system,":[61],"that":[62],"we":[63],"are":[64,120,152,198],"going":[65],"call":[67],"Sign":[69],"Classifier":[70],"(TSC),":[71],"during":[72],"competition":[74],"promoted":[75],"Institut":[78],"f\u00fcr":[79],"Neuroinformatik,":[80],"Ruhr":[81],"Universit\u00e4t":[82],"Bochum,":[83],"it":[84,240],"was":[85],"possible":[86,242],"recognize":[88],"more":[89],"than":[90],"40":[91],"classes":[92],"signs":[94],"average":[97],"error":[98],"close":[99],"3%.":[101],"algorithm,":[103],"realized":[104],"development":[107],"team,":[108],"consists":[109,185],"basically":[110],"two":[112],"modules:":[113],"preprocessing":[115],"module,":[116,143],"where":[117,144],"data":[119,146],"managed":[121],"in":[122,203],"order":[123,204],"extract":[125],"features,":[127],"such":[128],"as":[129],"Hue":[131],"Histogram":[132],"(HH)":[133],"Histograms":[136],"Oriented":[138],"Gradients":[139],"(HOG);":[140],"second":[142],"coming":[147,192],"from":[148,194],"first":[150],"one":[151,181],"analyzed":[153],"using":[154],"sequence":[156],"Support":[158],"Vector":[159],"Machines":[160],"(SVM),":[161],"implemented":[162],"One":[165],"Versus":[166],"All":[167],"(OVA)":[168],"methodology.":[169],"This":[170,212],"module":[171],"includes":[172],"couple":[174],"systems,":[176],"several":[179,237],"SVMs;":[180],"these":[183],"systems":[184,197,230],"hierarchical":[188],"structure.":[189],"results":[191],"out":[193],"both":[195],"compared":[199],"other":[202],"define":[206],"which":[207],"reliable.":[211],"work":[213],"performed":[215],"so":[218],"called":[219],"\u201cCombining":[220],"Results":[222],"Assigning":[224],"Labels\u201d":[226],"procedure;":[227],"calibrating":[228],"parameters":[233],"employed":[234],"inside":[235],"analyses":[238],"performed,":[239],"decrease":[244],"number":[246],"misclassifications":[248],"consequently":[250],"increase":[251],"performance":[253],"entire":[256],"network.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}