{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120884455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033443","title":"A reversibility analysis of encoding methods for spiking neural networks","display_name":"A reversibility analysis of encoding methods for spiking neural networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120884455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033443","mag":"2120884455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033443","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061515582","display_name":"Cameron Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri S&T, Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Missouri S&T, Rolla, 65401 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri S&T, Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Missouri S&T, Rolla, 65401 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108865045","display_name":"Sujata Roychowdhury","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Roychowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri S&T, Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Missouri S&T, Rolla, 65401 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri S&T, Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Missouri S&T, Rolla, 65401 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064203120","display_name":"Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-8119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. K. Venayagamoorthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri S&T, Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Missouri S&T, Rolla, 65401 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri S&T, Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Missouri S&T, Rolla, 65401 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.79,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84506475,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"148","issue":null,"first_page":"1802","last_page":"1809"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.8347936868667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.7965619564056396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7887486219406128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6377094388008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.493503212928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4763489067554474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38327065110206604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.8347936868667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.7965619564056396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7887486219406128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6377094388008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.493503212928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4763489067554474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38327065110206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2011.6033443","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W214414456","https://openalex.org/W1514205146","https://openalex.org/W1985791397","https://openalex.org/W1985940938","https://openalex.org/W2080725008","https://openalex.org/W2103013581","https://openalex.org/W2103179919","https://openalex.org/W2114475956","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2128432504","https://openalex.org/W2130155900","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3126544799","https://openalex.org/W3104333581","https://openalex.org/W2542565870","https://openalex.org/W3111828357","https://openalex.org/W3018398156","https://openalex.org/W2920832517","https://openalex.org/W4388827557","https://openalex.org/W4387877594","https://openalex.org/W4377969828","https://openalex.org/W2977464668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,82,96,103,141],"much":[2],"excitement":[3],"surrounding":[4],"the":[5,14,23,33,40,80,86,100,109,113,116,122,125,129],"idea":[6],"of":[7,17,26,35,62,115,124,131],"using":[8],"spiking":[9,87],"neural":[10,19],"networks":[11],"(SNNs)":[12],"as":[13,135],"next":[15],"generation":[16],"function-approximating":[18],"networks.":[20],"However,":[21],"with":[22],"unique":[24],"mechanism":[25],"communication":[27],"(neural":[28],"spikes)":[29],"between":[30],"neurons":[31],"comes":[32],"challenge":[34],"transferring":[36],"real-world":[37,101],"data":[38,102],"into":[39,85],"network":[41],"to":[42,77,108,133,138],"process.":[43],"Many":[44],"different":[45],"encoding":[46,93,117],"methods":[47,118],"have":[48],"been":[49],"developed":[50],"for":[51,94],"SNNs,":[52],"most":[53],"temporal":[54],"and":[55,70,75],"some":[56],"spatial.":[57],"This":[58],"paper":[59],"analyzes":[60],"three":[61],"them":[63],"(Poisson":[64],"rate":[65],"encoding,":[66],"Gaussian":[67],"receptor":[68],"fields,":[69],"a":[71],"dual-neuron":[72],"n-bit":[73],"representation)":[74],"tests":[76],"see":[78],"if":[79],"information":[81],"fully":[83],"transformed":[84],"patterns.":[88],"An":[89],"oft-neglected":[90],"consideration":[91],"in":[92,119,128],"SNNs":[95],"whether":[97],"or":[98],"not":[99],"even":[104],"truly":[105],"being":[106],"introduced":[107],"network.":[110],"By":[111],"testing":[112],"reversibility":[114],"this":[120],"paper,":[121],"completeness":[123],"information's":[126],"presence":[127],"pattern":[130],"spikes":[132],"serve":[134],"an":[136,139],"input":[137],"SNN":[140],"determined.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
