{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127474724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2010.5596966","title":"EEG signal separation for multi-class motor imagery using common spatial patterns based on Joint Approximate Diagonalization","display_name":"EEG signal separation for multi-class motor imagery using common spatial patterns based on Joint Approximate Diagonalization","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127474724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2010.5596966","mag":"2127474724"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2010.5596966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2010.5596966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2010 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068270508","display_name":"S.R. Liyanage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-0874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. R. Liyanage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore","National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768355","display_name":"Jian\u2010Xin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9485-5880"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. -X. Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031778999","display_name":"Cuntai Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0872-3276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. T. Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 119613, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 119613, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320376","display_name":"Kai Keng Ang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-6311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. K. Ang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 119613, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 119613, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060738325","display_name":"T. H. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. H. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068270508"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1578,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57523119,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9596999883651733,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6922343373298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.661552906036377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6240237355232239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6172540187835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5512793064117432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiclass-classification","display_name":"Multiclass classification","score":0.5314432978630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"Motor imagery","score":0.4611317217350006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.43366923928260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.37108632922172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32559239864349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32495003938674927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6922343373298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.661552906036377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6240237355232239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6172540187835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5512793064117432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123860398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934605","display_name":"Multiclass classification","level":3,"score":0.5314432978630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.4611317217350006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.43366923928260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.37108632922172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32559239864349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32495003938674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2010.5596966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2010.5596966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2010 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/70063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/70063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965769973","https://openalex.org/W1983821361","https://openalex.org/W1995506038","https://openalex.org/W2049990581","https://openalex.org/W2106006415","https://openalex.org/W2108824330","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2124757684","https://openalex.org/W2125550523","https://openalex.org/W2132360759","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2142280324","https://openalex.org/W2142975003","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2163756472","https://openalex.org/W2330820318","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W3085162807","https://openalex.org/W4239875977","https://openalex.org/W4253314971","https://openalex.org/W6679555981","https://openalex.org/W6681158929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977940006","https://openalex.org/W2887556756","https://openalex.org/W2947925238","https://openalex.org/W195417223","https://openalex.org/W1513407214","https://openalex.org/W1984377984","https://openalex.org/W1961545574","https://openalex.org/W2510077457","https://openalex.org/W3045772920","https://openalex.org/W2047816336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,48,73,96],"design":[1],"of":[2,11,106,121],"multiclass":[3,46],"BCI":[4,68],"is":[5,57],"a":[6,33],"very":[7],"challenging":[8],"task":[9],"because":[10],"the":[12,67,81,113,122],"need":[13],"to":[14,109],"extract":[15],"complex":[16],"spatial":[17],"and":[18,91,119],"temporal":[19],"patterns":[20],"from":[21,27,77],"noisy":[22],"multidimensional":[23],"time":[24],"series":[25],"generated":[26],"EEG":[28],"measurements.":[29],"This":[30],"paper":[31],"proposes":[32],"Multiclass":[34],"Common":[35],"Spatial":[36],"Pattern":[37],"(MCSP)":[38],"based":[39,51,62,99,115],"on":[40,52,63,66,80,100,116],"Joint":[41],"Approximate":[42],"Diagonalization":[43],"(JAD)":[44],"for":[45],"BCIs.":[47],"proposed":[49,97],"method":[50,61,114],"fast":[53],"Frobenius":[54],"diagonalization":[55],"(FFDIAG)":[56],"compared":[58,85,108],"with":[59],"another":[60],"Jacobi":[64,117],"angles":[65,118],"competition":[69],"IV":[70],"dataset":[71,83],"2a.":[72],"classification":[74],"accuracies":[75],"obtained":[76],"10\u00d710-fold":[78],"cross-validations":[79],"training":[82],"are":[84],"using":[86],"K-Nearest":[87],"Neighbor,":[88],"Classification":[89],"Trees":[90],"Support":[92],"Vector":[93],"Machine":[94],"classifiers.":[95],"MCSP":[98],"FFDIAG":[101],"yields":[102],"an":[103],"averaged":[104],"accuracy":[105],"53.6%":[107],"32.8%":[110],"given":[111],"by":[112],"27.8%":[120],"one":[123],"versus":[124],"rest":[125],"CSP":[126],"methods.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
