{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148951099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178684","title":"The multi-phase method in fast learning algorithms","display_name":"The multi-phase method in fast learning algorithms","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148951099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178684","mag":"2148951099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178684","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103417455","display_name":"Chi-Chung Cheung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Chung Cheung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037222502","display_name":"Sin-Chun Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2972-530X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sin-Chun Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, HK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, HK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4874,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63526407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"552","last_page":"559"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.811335563659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.749507486820221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.6650720238685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6344537734985352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6224460601806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-convergence","display_name":"Rate of convergence","score":0.6196311116218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5553283095359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.460886687040329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rprop","display_name":"Rprop","score":0.44345730543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4268296957015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.41599082946777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/types-of-artificial-neural-networks","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","score":0.14992353320121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.1345936357975006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.09364268183708191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.811335563659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.749507486820221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6650720238685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6344537734985352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6224460601806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.6196311116218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5553283095359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.460886687040329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98359873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320470","display_name":"Rprop","level":5,"score":0.44345730543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4268296957015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.41599082946777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177973122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860946","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","level":4,"score":0.14992353320121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.1345936357975006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.09364268183708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178684","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/37740","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/37740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022306346","https://openalex.org/W2022540064","https://openalex.org/W2022740958","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2026624453","https://openalex.org/W2033137841","https://openalex.org/W2044953748","https://openalex.org/W2046042921","https://openalex.org/W2087836750","https://openalex.org/W2090196224","https://openalex.org/W2104030629","https://openalex.org/W2106688677","https://openalex.org/W2133170554","https://openalex.org/W2143908786","https://openalex.org/W2154642048","https://openalex.org/W2160208155","https://openalex.org/W2163232986","https://openalex.org/W2166508099","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W3121126077","https://openalex.org/W4230115272","https://openalex.org/W6682610290","https://openalex.org/W6683985269","https://openalex.org/W6684468875","https://openalex.org/W6788743950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388181322","https://openalex.org/W4230330636","https://openalex.org/W1499839691","https://openalex.org/W4237659430","https://openalex.org/W2134286587","https://openalex.org/W2186941647","https://openalex.org/W1994061829","https://openalex.org/W1973946912","https://openalex.org/W1964044783","https://openalex.org/W2540883726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Backpropagation":[0],"(BP)":[1],"learning":[2,9,100,108,146],"algorithm":[3],"is":[4,12,51,92,129],"the":[5,16,31,39,45,55,74,82,99,117,125,132],"most":[6],"widely":[7],"supervised":[8],"technique":[10],"which":[11],"extensively":[13],"applied":[14],"in":[15,112,120],"training":[17],"of":[18,33,85],"multi-layer":[19],"feed-forward":[20],"neural":[21],"networks.":[22],"Many":[23],"modifications":[24],"that":[25,131],"have":[26,35],"been":[27],"proposed":[28],"to":[29,43,54,72,97,115,139],"improve":[30,116],"performance":[32,50,126],"BP":[34,63],"focused":[36],"on":[37],"solving":[38],"ldquoflat":[40],"spotrdquo":[41],"problem":[42,77],"increase":[44],"convergence":[46,83,118,133],"rate.":[47],"However,":[48],"their":[49],"limited":[52],"due":[53],"error":[56,75],"overshooting":[57,76],"problem.":[58],"A":[59],"novel":[60],"approach":[61,91],"called":[62],"with":[64,143],"two-phase":[65],"magnified":[66],"gradient":[67],"function":[68],"(2P-MGFPROP)":[69],"was":[70],"introduced":[71],"overcome":[73],"and":[78,105],"hence":[79],"speed":[80],"up":[81,138],"rate":[84,119,134],"MGFPROP.":[86],"In":[87],"this":[88,90],"paper,":[89],"further":[93],"enhanced":[94],"by":[95],"proposing":[96],"divide":[98],"process":[101],"into":[102],"multiple":[103],"phases,":[104],"different":[106,113,121],"fast":[107,145],"algorithms":[109],"are":[110],"assigned":[111],"phases":[114],"adaptive":[122],"problems.":[123],"Through":[124],"investigation,":[127],"it":[128],"found":[130],"can":[135],"be":[136],"increased":[137],"two":[140],"times,":[141],"compared":[142],"existing":[144],"algorithms.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}