{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122263489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2008.4633766","title":"Identification of nonlinear state space models using an MLP network trained by the EM algorithm","display_name":"Identification of nonlinear state space models using an MLP network trained by the EM algorithm","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122263489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2008.4633766","mag":"2122263489"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2008.4633766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2008.4633766","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018546627","display_name":"A. A. Gorji","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali A. Gorji","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106486490","display_name":"Mohammad Bagher Menhaj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad B. Menhaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018546627"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5866,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79367243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptron","display_name":"Perceptron","score":0.6340929269790649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.6038850545883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5786504745483398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5731115341186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5557914972305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space-representation","display_name":"State-space representation","score":0.5526915192604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5453687310218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.5321316719055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.5234336853027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.515349805355072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.514390766620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affine-transformation","display_name":"Affine transformation","score":0.4822874367237091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system-identification","display_name":"Nonlinear system identification","score":0.4461633563041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","score":0.4182550311088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-identification","display_name":"System identification","score":0.39958831667900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3043683171272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28515204787254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.26524585485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.07587218284606934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.6340929269790649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.6038850545883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5786504745483398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5731115341186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5557914972305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52918065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230945","display_name":"State-space representation","level":2,"score":0.5526915192604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5453687310218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.5321316719055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5234336853027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.515349805355072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.514390766620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92757383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382497","display_name":"Affine transformation","level":2,"score":0.4822874367237091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22157029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17080460","display_name":"Nonlinear system identification","level":4,"score":0.4461633563041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.4182550311088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119247159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366192","display_name":"System identification","level":3,"score":0.39958831667900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3043683171272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28515204787254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.26524585485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.07587218284606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2008.4633766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2008.4633766","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483307070","https://openalex.org/W1487127700","https://openalex.org/W1502857830","https://openalex.org/W1626341607","https://openalex.org/W1979369254","https://openalex.org/W1988577367","https://openalex.org/W1988827501","https://openalex.org/W2037799844","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2053055324","https://openalex.org/W2076826390","https://openalex.org/W2077574412","https://openalex.org/W2083402998","https://openalex.org/W2098823293","https://openalex.org/W2119539043","https://openalex.org/W2124202837","https://openalex.org/W2134504275","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2138484437","https://openalex.org/W2146485022","https://openalex.org/W2147357149","https://openalex.org/W2149048172","https://openalex.org/W2150394223","https://openalex.org/W2160119766","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2166263464","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076543106","https://openalex.org/W2523437662","https://openalex.org/W89844371","https://openalex.org/W2019891950","https://openalex.org/W2085842814","https://openalex.org/W4286643620","https://openalex.org/W4387048144","https://openalex.org/W2492135063","https://openalex.org/W2362514456","https://openalex.org/W2136232598"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identification":[0],"of":[1,65,82,86,108,125,131],"nonlinear":[2,40,132],"state":[3,13,41,63,133],"space":[4,42,134],"models":[5,93],"when":[6],"no":[7],"information":[8],"is":[9,57,102],"available":[10],"from":[11],"the":[12,24,66,70,83,99,105,109,120],"transition":[14],"or":[15],"output":[16],"model":[17],"has":[18],"played":[19],"an":[20],"important":[21],"role":[22],"in":[23,129],"recent":[25],"research.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30],"propose":[31],"a":[32,37,45],"new":[33],"approach":[34],"for":[35,59,77,112],"modeling":[36],"discrete":[38],"time":[39],"system":[43],"with":[44,90],"multi":[46],"layer":[47],"perceptron":[48],"(MLP)":[49],"neural":[50],"network.":[51],"The":[52],"expectation":[53],"maximization":[54],"(EM)":[55],"algorithm":[56,73,111],"used":[58,103],"joint":[60],"parameter":[61,113],"and":[62,114,122],"estimation":[64],"proposed":[67,127],"structure":[68,85,128],"where":[69],"particle":[71],"smoothing":[72],"will":[74],"be":[75],"applied":[76],"estimating":[78],"hidden":[79],"states.":[80],"Because":[81],"non-affine":[84],"MLP":[87],"networks":[88],"compared":[89],"some":[91],"other":[92],"such":[94],"as":[95],"radial":[96],"basis":[97],"functions,":[98],"gradient":[100],"method":[101],"at":[104],"M":[106],"phase":[107],"EM":[110],"noise":[115],"estimation.":[116],"Simulation":[117],"studies":[118],"show":[119],"superiority":[121],"fast":[123],"convergence":[124],"our":[126],"identification":[130],"models.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
