{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2153970809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2007.4371116","title":"Kernel-based Subspace Analysis for Face Recognition","display_name":"Kernel-based Subspace Analysis for Face Recognition","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2153970809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2007.4371116","mag":"2153970809"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2007.4371116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2007.4371116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195743","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks/IEEE ... International Conference on Neural Networks","issn_l":"1098-7576","issn":["1098-7576","1558-3902"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110243564","display_name":"Pohsiang Tsai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pohsiang Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, University of Technology-Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, University of Technology-Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048239546","display_name":"Tony Jan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3114-8978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Jan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, University of Technology-Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, University of Technology-Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109850603","display_name":"Tom Hintz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Hintz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Sydney University of Technology, Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Sydney University of Technology, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110243564"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7989,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82956522,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"1127","last_page":"1132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.7799209356307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7739166021347046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-fisher-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis","score":0.7528402805328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.752020001411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.6808100342750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.659955620765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.623281717300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5973564982414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.5591250061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5367793440818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.5055572986602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.4916251301765442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.42805197834968567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3226168751716614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.7799209356307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7739166021347046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181367576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6394184","display_name":"Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis","level":4,"score":0.7528402805328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.752020001411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.6808100342750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.659955620765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.623281717300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5973564982414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.5591250061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5367793440818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.5055572986602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.4916251301765442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.42805197834968567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3226168751716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2007.4371116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2007.4371116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195743","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks/IEEE ... International Conference on Neural Networks","issn_l":"1098-7576","issn":["1098-7576","1558-3902"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/3170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/3170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515034693","https://openalex.org/W1539550676","https://openalex.org/W1544324307","https://openalex.org/W1560724230","https://openalex.org/W1968773332","https://openalex.org/W1971865497","https://openalex.org/W2021012145","https://openalex.org/W2021127571","https://openalex.org/W2028631142","https://openalex.org/W2033773055","https://openalex.org/W2038350280","https://openalex.org/W2096044434","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2100281586","https://openalex.org/W2101965618","https://openalex.org/W2102322178","https://openalex.org/W2106115875","https://openalex.org/W2106390385","https://openalex.org/W2107369107","https://openalex.org/W2109774206","https://openalex.org/W2111146558","https://openalex.org/W2120885766","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2129407254","https://openalex.org/W2130845522","https://openalex.org/W2133180260","https://openalex.org/W2135463994","https://openalex.org/W2140095548","https://openalex.org/W2140351517","https://openalex.org/W2143304877","https://openalex.org/W2144143728","https://openalex.org/W2147736639","https://openalex.org/W2150796457","https://openalex.org/W2159017231","https://openalex.org/W2160947254","https://openalex.org/W2162021932","https://openalex.org/W2163280874","https://openalex.org/W2172803778","https://openalex.org/W2179426874","https://openalex.org/W2500846359","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W4205687621","https://openalex.org/W4231473823","https://openalex.org/W4292023222","https://openalex.org/W6632518230","https://openalex.org/W6679380828","https://openalex.org/W6679488379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978302214","https://openalex.org/W3147024994","https://openalex.org/W2162393942","https://openalex.org/W2321869780","https://openalex.org/W2025089370","https://openalex.org/W1984472287","https://openalex.org/W2371177901","https://openalex.org/W2589829774","https://openalex.org/W1570195136","https://openalex.org/W2021817983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,19],"face":[1,33,104],"recognition,":[2],"if":[3],"the":[4,12,29,42,58,69,77,84],"extracted":[5],"input":[6],"data":[7],"contains":[8],"misleading":[9],"information":[10],"(uncertainty),":[11],"classifiers":[13],"may":[14,106],"produce":[15],"degraded":[16],"classification":[17,47,70],"performance.":[18,71],"this":[20],"paper,":[21],"we":[22],"employed":[23],"kernel-based":[24,61],"discriminant":[25,62,79],"analysis":[26,63,80],"method":[27,81],"for":[28,98],"non-separable":[30],"problems":[31],"in":[32,50],"recognition":[34,105],"under":[35],"facial":[36,110],"expression":[37,111],"changes.":[38],"The":[39,72],"effect":[40,67],"of":[41,60],"transformations":[43],"on":[44,68],"a":[45,65],"subsequent":[46],"was":[48],"tested":[49],"combination":[51],"with":[52,83],"learning":[53],"algorithms.":[54],"We":[55],"found":[56],"that":[57,76,103],"transformation":[59],"has":[64],"beneficial":[66],"experimental":[73],"results":[74],"indicated":[75],"nonlinear":[78],"dealt":[82],"uncertainty":[85],"problem":[86],"very":[87],"well.":[88],"Facial":[89],"expressions":[90],"can":[91],"be":[92,107],"used":[93],"as":[94],"another":[95],"behavior":[96],"biometric":[97],"human":[99],"identification.":[100],"It":[101],"appears":[102],"robust":[108],"to":[109],"changes,":[112],"and":[113],"thus":[114],"applicable.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
