{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149869211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2004.1380060","title":"Second-order generalization","display_name":"Second-order generalization","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149869211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2004.1380060","mag":"2149869211"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2004.1380060","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2004.1380060","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37541)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060218376","display_name":"R.S. Neville","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R.S. Neville","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computation, UMIST (University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology), Manchester, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computation, UMIST (University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology), Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060218376"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8775,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81416711,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"949","last_page":"954"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.9574999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12946","display_name":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.9369932413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.6242288947105408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6116973161697388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5267089009284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inheritance","display_name":"Inheritance (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4366164207458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2713640630245209}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.9369932413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.6242288947105408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6116973161697388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5267089009284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780902518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6033780","display_name":"Inheritance (genetic algorithm)","level":3,"score":0.4366164207458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2713640630245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2004.1380060","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2004.1380060","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37541)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993988509","https://openalex.org/W1999752432","https://openalex.org/W2000247974","https://openalex.org/W2021723443","https://openalex.org/W2090720473","https://openalex.org/W2124718218","https://openalex.org/W2135776909","https://openalex.org/W2162940773","https://openalex.org/W2165758113","https://openalex.org/W2272577226","https://openalex.org/W4244494905","https://openalex.org/W4301971222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2386928530","https://openalex.org/W2912461320","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4210442184","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2373906875","https://openalex.org/W2903457525"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Second-order":[0],"generalization":[1],"is":[2],"usually":[3],"of":[4,64],"a":[5,26,47],"more":[6],"abstract":[7],"nature":[8],"than":[9],"standard":[10],"generalization,":[11],"as":[12,61],"unseen":[13],"stimuli":[14],"may":[15],"be":[16,59],"classified":[17],"by":[18],"some":[19],"higher":[20],"order":[21,34],"rule.":[22],"The":[23],"research":[24],"presents":[25],"new":[27],"theory,":[28],"which":[29,50],"utilises":[30],"information":[31],"inheritance":[32],"in":[33],"to":[35],"perform":[36],"second-order":[37,65],"generalization.":[38,66],"In":[39],"this":[40],"article,":[41],"we":[42],"present":[43],"the":[44],"theory":[45],"behind":[46],"recognition":[48,52],"system,":[49],"performs":[51],"without":[53,56],"learning.":[54],"Recognition":[55],"learning":[57],"can":[58],"viewed":[60],"one":[62],"form":[63]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
