{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1640109986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223986","title":"A comparison of ensemble methods for multilayer feedforward networks","display_name":"A comparison of ensemble methods for multilayer feedforward networks","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1640109986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223986","mag":"1640109986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223986","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083998702","display_name":"Carlos Hern\u00e1ndez-Espinosa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10902133","display_name":"Universitat Jaume I","ror":"https://ror.org/02ws1xc11","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Hernandez-Espinosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Jaume I Campus de Riu Sec, Castellon, Spain","Univ. Jaume I, Castellon, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Jaume I Campus de Riu Sec, Castellon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Jaume I, Castellon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063924261","display_name":"Mercedes Fern\u00e1ndez-Redondo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10902133","display_name":"Universitat Jaume I","ror":"https://ror.org/02ws1xc11","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Fernandez-Redondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Jaume I Campus de Riu Sec, Castellon, Spain","Univ. Jaume I, Castellon, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Jaume I Campus de Riu Sec, Castellon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Jaume I, Castellon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009291629","display_name":"Mamen Ortiz-G\u00f3mez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10902133","display_name":"Universitat Jaume I","ror":"https://ror.org/02ws1xc11","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ortiz-Gomez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Jaume I Campus de Riu Sec, Castellon, Spain","Univ. Jaume I, Castellon, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Jaume I Campus de Riu Sec, Castellon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Jaume I, Castellon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083998702"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0829407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"2655","last_page":"2660"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7898890972137451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.6890549659729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6663684844970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.5814058780670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5737721920013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5045105218887329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedforward-neural-network","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","score":0.4846849739551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.4690920114517212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.44759777188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.4189104735851288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.40525704622268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4028070569038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3603096902370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15839263796806335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.074425607919693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7898890972137451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.6890549659729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6663684844970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.5814058780670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5737721920013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5045105218887329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47702885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441227","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","level":3,"score":0.4846849739551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.4690920114517212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44759777188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.4189104735851288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40525704622268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4028070569038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3603096902370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15839263796806335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.074425607919693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223986","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1605688901","https://openalex.org/W1991418450","https://openalex.org/W2015437745","https://openalex.org/W2019778169","https://openalex.org/W2055178087","https://openalex.org/W2084362125","https://openalex.org/W2100805904","https://openalex.org/W2112076978","https://openalex.org/W2145911606","https://openalex.org/W2164043174","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W6676769703","https://openalex.org/W6684300174"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115072676","https://openalex.org/W973676589","https://openalex.org/W2377087609","https://openalex.org/W97768505","https://openalex.org/W2918103456","https://openalex.org/W2080531293","https://openalex.org/W4311212821","https://openalex.org/W2045727192","https://openalex.org/W1939602702","https://openalex.org/W2023914354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Training":[0],"an":[1,6],"ensemble":[2,27],"of":[3,49,57,61],"networks":[4,62,95],"is":[5,73,79,96,102],"interesting":[7],"way":[8],"to":[9,15,24,93,115],"improve":[10],"the":[11,26,39,70,77,87,99,111,117,121],"performance":[12,90],"with":[13],"respect":[14],"a":[16,47,58,107],"single":[17],"network.":[18],"However":[19],"there":[20,29],"are":[21,30],"several":[22],"methods":[23],"construct":[25],"and":[28,64,76,105],"no":[31],"complete":[32],"results":[33,84],"showing":[34],"which":[35],"one":[36],"could":[37],"be":[38],"most":[40],"appropriate.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43,68],"paper":[44],"we":[45],"present":[46],"comparison":[48],"eleven":[50],"different":[51],"methods.":[52],"We":[53],"have":[54],"trained":[55],"ensembles":[56],"reduced":[59],"number":[60],"(3":[63],"9)":[65],"because":[66],"in":[67,89,110,120],"case":[69],"computational":[71],"cost":[72],"not":[74],"high":[75],"method":[78,101],"suitable":[80],"for":[81],"applications.":[82],"The":[83],"show":[85],"that":[86],"improvement":[88],"from":[91],"three":[92],"nine":[94],"marginal.":[97],"Also,":[98],"best":[100],"called":[103],"\"Decorrelated\"":[104],"uses":[106],"penalty":[108],"term":[109],"usual":[112],"backpropagation":[113],"function":[114],"decorrelate":[116],"network":[118],"outputs":[119],"ensemble.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}