{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140844643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223821","title":"Silicon approximation to biological neuron","display_name":"Silicon approximation to biological neuron","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140844643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223821","mag":"2140844643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223821","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103691325","display_name":"V. A. Gorelik","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V.A. Gorelik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuronix, Savannah, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuronix, Savannah, GA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103691325"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18540966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"965","last_page":"970"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6801877617835999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5877767205238342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnection","display_name":"Interconnection","score":0.5045696496963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.48987215757369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon","display_name":"Silicon","score":0.43776482343673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.37891191244125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23348203301429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.19181287288665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.16231384873390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16008642315864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.15348893404006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10639059543609619}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6801877617835999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5877767205238342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123745756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnection","level":2,"score":0.5045696496963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.48987215757369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.43776482343673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37891191244125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23348203301429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.19181287288665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.16231384873390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16008642315864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.15348893404006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10639059543609619}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2003.1223821","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22297218","https://openalex.org/W1508791357","https://openalex.org/W1578671836","https://openalex.org/W1589104004","https://openalex.org/W2051385641","https://openalex.org/W2069922301","https://openalex.org/W2122497429","https://openalex.org/W2147502381","https://openalex.org/W4251731575","https://openalex.org/W6635199698"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162462041","https://openalex.org/W4255992566","https://openalex.org/W3159717228","https://openalex.org/W3103254435","https://openalex.org/W3109600267","https://openalex.org/W2061261463","https://openalex.org/W2521360421","https://openalex.org/W1616657339","https://openalex.org/W2152033542","https://openalex.org/W2743401238"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,11,24,48,120],"new":[4],"approach":[5],"to":[6,22,74,85,101],"simulate":[7,86],"the":[8,20,62,111,147],"behavior":[9],"of":[10,26,95,135,146],"biological":[12,34,78],"neuron":[13],"in":[14,33,43,47,77,141],"silicon.":[15],"The":[16,37,80],"proposed":[17,38],"devices":[18,97],"have":[19],"ability":[21],"mimic":[23],"variety":[25],"structures":[27],"and":[28,52,59,90,133,143],"interconnect":[29],"architectures":[30],"commonly":[31],"found":[32],"neural":[35,117,129],"nets.":[36],"device":[39,63,81],"may":[40],"be":[41,99],"fabricated":[42],"polysilicon":[44],"rather":[45],"than":[46],"single":[49,121],"crystal":[50],"substrate":[51],"thus":[53],"permits":[54],"multi-layer":[55],"architectures.":[56],"Unlike":[57],"MOS":[58],"BJT-based":[60],"structures,":[61],"utilizes":[64],"significantly":[65],"different":[66],"operating":[67],"principles":[68,109],"that":[69],"are":[70],"more":[71],"closely":[72],"related":[73],"transport":[75],"mechanisms":[76],"neurons.":[79],"is":[82,149],"well":[83],"suited":[84],"axodendritic,":[87],"dendrodendritic,":[88],"axoaxonic,":[89],"reciprocal":[91],"synapses.":[92],"A":[93],"network":[94],"such":[96],"can":[98],"constructed":[100],"perform":[102],"both":[103],"spatial":[104],"and/or":[105],"temporal":[106,128],"processing.":[107],"Basic":[108],"underlying":[110],"design":[112],"allow":[113],"multi-layered,":[114],"almost":[115],"zero-power":[116],"networks":[118],"on":[119],"silicon":[122],"die.":[123],"One":[124],"possible":[125],"implementation,":[126],"utilizing":[127],"circuitry":[130],"for":[131],"extraction":[132],"production":[134],"atomic":[136],"auditory":[137],"elements":[138],"-":[139],"phonemes":[140],"Broca's":[142],"Wernicke's":[144],"areas":[145],"cortex,":[148],"also":[150],"shown.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}